Introduction: A neurodevelopmental disorder, autism typically identified with three primary behavioral consequences, such as social impairment, communication problems and limited or stereotypical behavior. Because of its co-morbidity and lack of therapeutic options, autism is a global economic burden. A short chain of fatty acid, propionic acid formed biologically by gut microbiome. Propionic a...

The fundamental investigations of Virtanen (1923, 1925), Virtanen and Karstrom (1931), and van Niel (1928) on the mechanism of glucose dissimilation by the propionic acid bacteria have led to the proposal that glucose after preliminary phosphorylation is converted into 2 molecules of the C) type. Virtanen upon theoretical considerations concludes that lactic acid is an intermediate product of t...

Derrick MacFabe’s hypothesis that propionic acid generated by gut bacteria induces autism [1], while compelling, leaves one question largely unanswered: Why do children with inborn propionic acidemia rarely show autistic behavior? Although exacerbations of Propionic Acidemia (PA) bear “some resemblance” to autism spectrum disorders (ASD), MacFabe noted, only one case of autism associated with P...

Succinic acid is a major end product of two cellulose-fermenting bacteria isolated in pure culture from the rumen of cattle and sheep. Ruminococcus flavefaciens, isolated by Sijpesteijn (1948, 1949, 1951), produced some 0-5 m-mole succinic acid per m-mole cellulose (calculated as glucose) fermented. Bacteroides succinogenes, isolated from the bovine rumen by Hungate (1950), was found by this au...

propionic acid (pa) is a short chain fatty acid, a common food preservative and metabolic end product of enteric bacteria in the gut. the present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of pa on liver injury in male rats. male western albino rats were divided into two groups. the first group served as normal control, the second was treated with pa. the activities of serum hepatospecific ...