International environmental agreements aiming at correcting negative externalities generated by transboundary pollution are difficult to achieve for many reasons. Important obstacles arise from asymmetry in costs and benefits, and instability may occur due to the fact that coalitions of countries may attempt to do better for themselves outside of any proposed agreement. In a static context it h...

Local fiscal autonomy depends on the extent to which local governments rely their own source revenues rather than intergovernmental transfers and also ability set tax rates. Compared other major cities around world, Toronto appears have a lot of because it is less dependent more reliant property taxes user fees. Nevertheless, its limited by provincial government restrictions how these fees are ...

The traditional theory of fiscal federalism prescribes a very limited tax base for subnational governments. The only "good" local taxes are said to be those (1) that are easy to administer locally, (2) that are imposed solely (or mainly) on local residents, and (3) that do not raise problems of "harmonization" or "competition" between subnational governments or between subnational and national ...

We investigate certain categorical aspects of Voevodsky's triangulated categories motives. For this, various recollements for Grothendieck enriched functors and their derived are established. In order to extend these further with respect Serre's localization, the concept (strict) Voevodsky property Serre localizing subcategories is introduced. This inspired by celebrated theorem on homotopy inv...

background: the use of assisted reproductive technology (art) is increasing in the world. the rate, efficacy and safety of art are very different among countries. there is an increase in the use of intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (icsi), single fresh embryo transfer (et) and frozen-thawed embryo transfer (fet). objective: the objective of this study was to compare pregnancy rate in fresh et a...

The real estate acquisition tax as a property transfer was part of the system taxation Czech Republic until 25 September 2020.1 It traditional historical forming complementary element taxation. Since 1993, it tax. As 1 January 2014, due to recodification private law, extensive reform came into effect, scope which unprecedented since 1990s. result, new introduced by Statutory Measure Senate No. ...

-1,4-Galactosyltransferase 1 (Gal-T1) transfers galactose (Gal) from UDP-Gal to N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), which constitutes its normal galactosyltransferase (Gal-T) activity. In the presence of -lactalbumin (LA), it transfers Gal to Glc, which is its lactose synthase (LS) activity. It also transfers glucose (Glc) from UDPGlc to GlcNAc, constituting the glucosyltransferase (Glc-T) activity, ...

We present optimal schedules for permutations in which each node sends one or several unique messages to every other node. With concurrent communication on all channels of every node in binary cube networks, the number of element transfers in sequence for K elements per node is K 2 , irrespective of the number of nodes over which the data set is distributed. For a succession of s permutations w...