In this paper, we introduce EB3SEC. This language is used to express access control policies in information systems. Permissions and prohibitions are expressed with a class diagram. EB3SEC also includes a process algebra. This process algebra allows one to express specific constraints over permissions and prohibitions. Organizational constraints such as obligation and separation of duty are als...

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On September 4, 2002, the SEC implemented a de minimis exemption to the trade-through rule for three active ETFs, allowing markets to execute trades at prices up to three cents worse than those posted elsewhere. Relaxing the trade-through rule does not worsen ETF market quality. Effective and realized spreads are essentially unchanged or slightly smaller post-event, and prices become slightly m...

l w v t r w o o i m h c b r p r c c t v s h s T e c d w v p o a he U.S. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) have announced, and presented for comment, the third phase of its regulations against physician self-referral.” The Stark self-referral regulation, as it is ommonly known (formally, the Medicare Program: Phyicians’ Referrals to Health Care Entities With Which They ave Financial...

This paper reviews recommendations made by the Royal Commission on New Reproductive Technologies concerning statutory prohibitions and offences relating to reproduction and reproductive technologies. The recommendations are criticized on three grounds. First, the Report offers no analysis of the legislative authority that would enable Parliament to enact its recommendations. Second, it offers n...

One of the legacies of slavery in the United States is the lingering refusal of many white Christians to accept interracial marriages. This article will explore the biblical perspective regarding interracial or inter-ethnic marriage. First, a short overview will be presented discussing the problem of interracial marriage and reviewing the connection between the prohibition of interracial marria...

We present a framework for augmenting business process specifications with policy expressions such as obligations, permissions and prohibitions. One use of such a combined model is to support monitoring of participants’ behaviour against agreed policies as in business contracts.