condition of contour lines in topographic maps, explains more geomorphologic issues such as effective processes in the land forms found in nature. change in the curvature of the transverse profile of a valley in mountainous areas, the peak of the mountain range, also reflect the geomorphologic features and expresses the tectonic events and climate changes occurring in the region. these changes ...

soil and land information is vital for land use planning and infrastructure development. maps of soils landscapes are powerful tools to guide sustainable planning and natural resource management. fuzzy set theory has been widely used in soil science for soil classification and mapping, land evaluation, fuzzy soil geostatistics, soil quality indices. in fuzzy logic-based approaches, soil spatial...

The use of derivatives in geomorphometry is reviewed. For first and second derivatives (slope and curvatures) of the land surface, represented by a square-grid DEM, use of a quadratic based on nine points is recommended. For detailed analysis of slope gradient, maximum slope (based on two points) may be useful: but only if the DEM is very accurate. For curvature, streamline (rotor) curvature sh...

Considerations of rotational invariance in one-dimensionally modulated systems such as smectics-A, necessitate nonlinearities in the free energy. The presence of these nonlinearities is critical for determining the layer configurations around defects. We generalize our recent construction for finding exact minima of an approximate nonlinear free energy to the full, rotationally invariant smecti...

An automated algorithm is presented to determine the DNA molecule intrinsic curvature profiles and the molecular spatial orientations in Atomic Force Microscope images. The curvature is composed by static and dynamic contributions. The first one is the intrinsic curvature, vectorial function of the DNA nucletide sequence, while the second one is due to thermal noise. This algorithm allows to re...

Prescribing σk curvature equations are fully nonlinear generalizations of the prescribing Gaussian or scalar curvature equations. For a given a positive function K to be prescribed on the 4-dimensional round sphere, we obtain asymptotic profile analysis for potentially blowing up solutions to the σ2 curvature equation with the given K; and rule out the possibility of blowing up solutions when K...

The pulsar profile is characterised by two distinct emission components, the core and cone. standard model of a radio beam originating from dipolar magnetic fields, places at centre surrounded concentric layers inner outer conal components. expected to have steeper spectra compared cones. We present detailed analysis relative differences in between large sample 53 pulsars over wide frequency ra...