During the last two decades, product labeling has become an increasingly used policy tool, particularly with respect to the provision of health and environmerrtd information. Theory holds that the flow of information among market participants plays a critical role in the efficient operation of markets. This paper explores the role of product labeling policy in ameliorating two potential market ...

Manufacturing firms are under many financial and competitive pressures which focus attention on the performance of their manufacturing processes. In this paper the opportunities for improving the environmental impact of products within the constraints of existing manufacturing infrastructure are examined. Approaches which support sustainability in two aspects are proposed, firstly, the provisio...

Abstract Requirements engineering and requirements management are essential sub-processes of product development an integrated part virtually all models industrial process descriptions. Proprietary context specific processes for working with used in design practice. However, these not appropriately reflected existing development. Existing standards describe the content generation documents but ...

Due to the development of science and technology, the computer has become a useful tool for supporting engineering activities in product design. Many computer aided tools such as CAD/CAM, product data management (PDM), product life cycle assessment (PLA), etc., have been popularly used in industry for reducing product development lead-time and increasing total product quality. However, the nume...

New product development (NPD) is described in the literature as the transformation of a market opportunity into a product available for sale. In the automotive industry, within the context of ISO/TS16949:2002 (the automotive quality management system international standard),  these related to the product realization process (PRP) which consists of Three main phases such as planning, Implem...

This book is a comprehensive analysis of the concepts and principles associated with developing products. Throughout the book the author offers enumerated Principles of Flow – 175 in total – summarized and indexed in an appendix for easy reference, with each principle thoroughly explained in the text. A recurring theme is the distinction between product development and manufacturing, particular...

to survive in today’s competitive environment, companies need continues improvement to achieve goals such as increasing the accuracy of targeting, improving product or service. however, there is no improvement guaranty without performance evaluation. an organization must assess current performance before embarking on any improvement. if it does not, it will have no baseline from which to determ...

The challenges of the marketplace are met by product developers in two ways: development of innovative products and reducing product costs. Cost reduction alone is not a substitute for innovation. Cost-oriented product development is systematical engineering work, which requires an interdisciplinary approach, and needs to be efficient and effective. The costs that are of interest here are those...