Cytoplasmic dynein is a motor protein that walks along microtubules (MTs) and performs mechanical work to power a variety of cellular processes. It remains unclear how a dynein dimer is able to transport cargos against load without coordinating the stepping cycles of its two heads. Here by using a DNA-tethered optical trapping geometry, we find that the force-generating step of a head occurs in...

Depending on a number of variables, heavy metals from both natural and anthropogenic sources may accumulate in fish bodies heads aquatic environments. This study intends to evaluate the degree metal bioaccumulation Tilipia Otamiri river. A sample dry tissue weighing around one gram was weighed, placed into polyethylene tubes, treated with 8 ML nitric acid 4 perchloric acid. An atomic absorption...

the severe epidemics of fusarium head blight (fhb) as a devastating disease of cereal crops has occurred on wheat in north and northwest iran in recent years. the in vitro production of deoxynivalenol (don) was qualitatively evaluated in 41 fusarium isolates collected from wheat heads associated with the scab disease, in moghan area/northwest iran. infected wheat heads were collected during 200...

It has been suggested that the wear of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) in total hip replacement is substantially reduced when the femoral head is ceramic rather than metal. However, studies of alumina and zirconia ceramic femoral heads on the penetration of an UHMWPE liner in vivo have given conflicting results. The purpose of this study was to examine the surface characterist...

Little is known about the mechanical properties of the growing femoral head as it develops deformity following ischemic injury. The purpose of this study was to determine the indentation stiffness of growing femoral head following ischemic injury and to correlate the changes in stiffness with radiographic and histopathologic changes in the femoral head as it develops deformity. Following the in...

Spraying humic acid on a growing plant cauliflower enhances chlorophyll and carotene levels in the leaves; its crucial role protecting plants from salt stress, water heavy metals, many other advantages saline soils. The research study was carried out one of agricultural fields Muqdadiyah area, Haruniyah 21km, using randomized complete block design (RCBD) normal factorial experiment during seaso...

Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is a cyanotoxin produced by certain cyanobacteria species. It toxic to humans and animals. Several studies have demonstrated that cyanotoxins accumulate throughout the food chain, eventually reaching high levels in freshwater fish. The Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) most popular fish Sri Lanka Asian countries. current study sought determine MC-LR concentration colle...