The investigation presented in this paper is a novel method in question answering (QA) that enables a QA system to gain performance through reuse of information in the answer to one question to answer another related question. Our analysis shows that a pair of question in a general open domain QA can have embedding relation through their mentions of noun phrase expressions. We present methods f...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection ranks among the most devastating health problems in the world.The most probable transmission routes of HBV are blood contact, sexual, and horizontal transfer. Other sources of HBV transmission are razor sharing, beauty treatments, tattooing, piercing, and manicures and other chiropody treatments.Many infections have been reported in South-Ea...

Retail and wholesale broker’s decision problems have been optimized separately, ignoring the probable existence of a globally optimal trading strategy. To address this, we propose a novel formalization, based on a semi-Markov decision process (SMDP) and solved using hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) in multi-agent environments. Furthermore, to mitigate the curse of dimensionality, which...

MOFs have attracted widespread attention in the field of catalytic ethylene dimerization. Compared with post-synthetic modification, ion exchange and other methods to introduce external active centers, direct use MOF materials as catalysts is still most convenient prospective. Herein, NiBTCs are synthesized using a one-pot method two kinds solvent characterized by XRD, FT–IR, ICP–OES, XPS, TGA ...

Aeromonas are widely distributed in the aquatic environment, and are considered to be emerging organisms that can produce a series of virulence factors. The present study was carried out in a sanitary sewage stabilization pond treatment system, located in Lins, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Most probable number was applied for estimation of the genus Aeromonas. Colony isolation was carried out on...

wastewater reuse is an essential issue in water resources management. wastewater reuse alternatives application results in hazards that should be investigated for alternatives' risk analysis. the purpose of this study is to develop an algorithm for risk analysis of wastewater reuse alternatives. therefore, by integrating experts’ comments, risk evaluation and assessment model is developed,...

Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation (ABMS) is a simple and yet powerful method for simulation of interactions among individual agents. Using ABMS, different phenomena can be modeled and simulated without spending additional time on unnecessary complexities. Although ABMS is well-matured in many different fields such as economic, social, and natural phenomena, it has not received much attention ...