background: dysmenorrhea is one of the most common medical problems in gynecology causing several problems in the personal and social life of women. this study was conducted to compare the effect of thymus vulgaris and ibuprofen on the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea methods: this clinical study was conducted on 84 students of babol university of medical sciences with primary dysmenorrhea. th...

background: tuberculosis of the larynx is a rare form of tuberculosis. patients usually present with hoarseness or dysphagia and other nonspecific constitutional symptoms like fever or localized pain. in this study, we present a case of primary vocal cord lesion with tuberculosis. case presentation: a 72 year old man presented with hoarseness of voice, low grade fever, and night sweating with i...

tooth impaction rarely occurs in primary dentition. most of the primary teeth impactions are seen in second molars. the purpose of this article is to present a 4-year-old girl with bilateral impaction of inverted primary maxillary central incisors which trauma had displaced their tooth germ before erupting.

primary immunodeficiency diseases (pids) consist of a group of genetic disorders that predispose the patients to immune-mediated complications. the aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of iranian general practitioners and pediatricians about pids. a questionnaire consisting 52 closed questions on clinical symptoms, laboratory data,associated syndromes and management of pids patients wa...

primary immunodeficiency disorders are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders, with different modes of inheritance, consisting of more than 100 different types. we constructed the dna banking of primary immunodeficiency disorders for the first time in iran. the dna of 31 immunodeficient patients and their families (total of 92 samples) were collected, as the first step for construction of d...

primary sarcoma of the breast is very rare and constitutes less than 1% of all breast cancers. herein, we report a case of pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma (prms) of the right breast in a 49-year-old female patient presented with a mass (7 cm × 6.5 cm). mammography and ultrasonography suspected a malignant lesion and a diagnosis of poorly differentiated carcinoma was made on fine needle aspiration ...

introduction: primary ovarian failure (pof) is a syndrome composed of amenorrhea, estrogen deficiency and follicular stimulating hormone (fsh) of menopausal ranges in young women. in this article, we report a case of primary amenorrhea that presented with full term pregnancy.case presentation: a 29-year old woman with a history of primary amenorrhea attended hospital with full term pregnancy. s...

primary lymphomas of the lung are rare and usual radiographic findings are adenopathy, effusion, multiple lesions, solitary lesion or diffuse lesion. this paper presents a case of primary malignant tumor of the lung with a very rare radiological presentation. a 20-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital due to fever, chills, productive cough and later development of hemoptysis. weigh...

normotensive hyperaldosteronism is a rare disorder. it is usually diagnosed with hypokalemia or an adrenal mass. our patient was a 27-year-old female presented with weakness. she had normal blood pressure, hypokalemia, high plasma aldosterone level and suppressed plasma renin activity. after the saline load, test aldosterone didn’t show suppression. adrenal computed tomography revealed a left a...

conclusions most cases for pneumothorax were consisted of the patients with the primary spontaneous pneumothorax; the patients with recurrent pneumothorax were comprised of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax patients and those of majority secondary spontaneous pneumothorax patients were observed with bullous emphysema profile. by looking at the pertinent literature, there are publications showi...