Collectively blaming groups for the actions of individuals can license vicarious retribution. Acts of terrorism by Muslim extremists against innocents, and the spikes in anti-Muslim hate crimes against innocent Muslims that follow, suggest that reciprocal bouts of collective blame can spark cycles of violence. How can this cycle be short-circuited? After establishing a link between collective b...

How inclusive are European national identities of Muslim minorities and how can we explain cross-cultural variation in inclusiveness? To address these questions, we draw on large-scale school-based surveys of Muslim minority and non-Muslim majority and other minority youth in five European countries (Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Survey [CILS]; Belgium, England, Germany, the Netherlands, ...

Two studies examined whether social identity processes, i.e. group identification and social identity threat, amplify the degree to which people attend to social category information in early perception [assessed with event-related brain potentials (ERPs)]. Participants were presented with faces of Muslims and non-Muslims in an evaluative priming task while ERPs were measured and implicit evalu...

BACKGROUND Ramadan fasting and its associated lifestyle changes have been linked to changes in sleep and daytime sleepiness. This study was designed to assess the effects of Ramadan fasting on patterns of sleep and daytime sleepiness. METHODS The SenseWear Pro Armband™ was used to assess the duration and distribution of sleep in eight Muslim and eight non-Muslim volunteers during the last wee...

This study will examine all the attributive words with the word ‘Muslim’ in the time magazine corpus. This study will basically focus on the choice of attributive words which time magazine used for the Muslims. Language is a discourse so the study of attributive words from the time magazines corpus is a type of media discourse. The critical discourse analysis explores all those social aspects w...

The present investigation involves the study of distr ibution of serological tra its (A1A2BO, MN and Rh(D) blood group systems) among Meos and Sunni Muslims and their comparison with other castes of Haryana, which are, Jat, Ahir, Ror, Saini, Kamboj, Kumhar and Chamar. The frequency of different alleles fa lls well within the range of other castes of Haryana. Chi-square values for these blood gr...

wiraqah as one of the common jobs among muslims had an important role in producing and popularity of the books. one who works in this occupation have called warraq (scribe, illuminator, bookbinder, etc. simultaneously). the first question comes to mind on this profession is how the wiraqah had begun as a job and who were the first warraqs. according to a common view, making paper by muslims was...