Global energy consumption has been highly dependent on fossil fuels which cause severe climate change and, therefore, the exploration of new technologies to produce effective renewable energy plays an important role in the world. Pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) is one of the promising candidates to reduce the reliance on fossil fuels by harnessing energy from the salinity gradient between seawa...

BACKGROUND While microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) can simultaneously produce bioelectrochemical hydrogen and treat wastewater, they consume considerable energy to overcome the unfavorable thermodynamics, which is not sustainable and economically feasible in practical applications. This study presents a proof-of-concept system in which hydrogen can be produced in an MEC powered by theoretical...

The potential for concentrated fertilizer to drive water treatment, nutrient recovery, and/or power generation has received increased attention. Recently the concept of fertilizer-driven pressure retarded osmosis (or “Green PRO”) was introduced literature and experimentally validated. limits from however have not yet been established, therefore this energy source supply meaningful farm loads is...