Mobile genetic elements play a major role in shaping biotic genomes and bringing about evolutionary transformations. Herein, a new class of mobile genetic elements is proposed in the form of circulating nucleic acids (CNAs) derived from the billions of cells that die in the body every day due to normal physiology and that act intra-corporeally. A recent study shows that CNAs can freely enter in...

The famous shortest path tree lemma states that, for any node s in a graph G = (V,E), there is a subgraph on O(n) edges that preserves all distances between node pairs in the set {s}×V . A very basic question in distance sketching research, with applications to other problems in the field, is to categorize when else graphs admit sparse subgraphs that preserve distances between a set P of p node...

The classification of preservers began about 100 years ago. In 1897, Frobenius characterized the linear operators on Mn which preserve certain matrix functions: those linear operators on Mn preserves the determinant and those preserves the characteristic polynomial (spectrum). He proved that if M M n n → : T is a linear transformation satisfying) det()) (T det(A A = , M A n ∈ , then either UAV ...

In this study, we analyzed the conservation of a semi-liquid bio-preserver (SL778) developed with Lactobacillus plantarum CRL 778, a lactic acid bacterium (LAB) having antifungal activity. The characteristics of the SL778 starter remained stable during a 14-day storage at 4°C. At -20°C, cell viability and organic acid concentration showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease after 7 days. These diff...