There is an assumption that pregnancy and labor are prone to a higher incidence of maternal cardiac arrhythmias. We assessed the incidence and characteristics of maternal cardiac arrhythmias during labor and compared the findings with corresponding studies of healthy nonpregnant women and pregnant women not in labor. A high incidence of cardiac arrhythmias during labor (93%) was found among 30 ...

BACKGROUND This paper, the first of a two-part series on premature labor, reviews the recent literature on the causes of and risk factors for preterm labor and methods of diagnosis. METHODS A review of the literature on risk determination and diagnosis of preterm labor was conducted by searching MEDLINE files from 1983 to the present, using the key terms "preterm labor," "premature labor," "p...

The objective of this study was to assess quality of care for premature labor at public maternity facilities in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, using referents, indicators, and standards of care derived from scientific evidence. The standard utilized in the process analysis for use of betamimetic tocolytics was 100%, considering the related referents. For outcome analysis, the standard applied was the ...

BACKGROUND It has been recognized that preterm labor is related to short cervical length and that poor progress in labor is a major indication for cesarean section at term. We therefore hypothesize that long cervix is not associated with increased risk of cesarean delivery during labor at term. OBJECTIVES The objective is to determine the relationship between cervical length at mid-pregnancy ...

Parents and medical staff usually agree on the management of preterm labour at borderline viability, when there is a relatively high risk of long-term neurodevelopmental problems in survivors. If delivery is imminent and parents and staff cannot agree on the best management, however, who should decide what will happen when the baby is delivered? Should the baby be resuscitated? Should intensive...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to describe the bacterial flora of women in preterm labor with or without premature rupture of membranes. METHODS Retrospective studies of 239 patients with preterm labor were performed. RESULTS One hundred and twenty-three of 239 patients with preterm labor (51.5%) had bacterial vaginosis. Seventy of the 239 patients with preterm labor (29.3%) developed p...

Background: Several studies have shown that administration of magnesium sulfate prolongs the bleeding time. Objective: To investigate such effects in pregnant women in Shiraz, southern Iran.  Methods:This study was conducted on 30 pregnant women aged between 18 and 32 yrs, with a gestational age of 20 to 37 weeks, who presented to Hafez and Zeynabiyeh Emergency Units affiliated to Shiraz Univer...

The period from 1979 to 1983 represented, in more ways than one, a nadir for the Labour Party. The 1974-9 government was brought down on a vote of no confidence following a winter of industrial action. Many felt that Callaghan should have called the election in late 1978, when Labour’s electoral prospects seemed better, and in hindsight it appears difficult to disagree. Nonetheless, on May 3, 1...

I use linked employer-employee data from the German Federal Statistical Office to estimate within-firm wage differentials between temporary workers with fixed-term contracts and workers with permanent contracts in the context of dual internal labor markets. Wage-tenure profiles of permanent workers are estimated separately for each firm to obtain a proxy for the prevalence of internal labor mar...

For Marx, work is the fundamental and central activity in human life and, potentially at least, a fulŽlling and liberating activity. Although this view is implicit throughout Marx’s work, there is little explicit explanation or defence of it. The fullest treatment is in the account of ‘estranged labour ’ [entfremdete Arbeit] in the Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts;1 but, even there, Marx ...