The aim of this review is to evaluate the effects of omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) supplementation in pregnant and lactating women and infants during postnatal life, on the visual acuity, psychomotor development, mental performance and growth of infants and children. Eighteen publications (11 sets of randomized control clinical trial [RCTs]) assessed the effects of...

INTRODUCTION Malaria prevention and iron supplementation are associated with improved maternal and infant outcomes. However, evidence from studies in children suggests iron may adversely modify the risk of malaria. We reviewed the evidence in pregnancy of the association between malaria and markers of iron status, iron supplementation or parenteral treatment. METHODS AND FINDINGS We searched ...

Although there is accumulating evidence regarding the additional protective effect of folic acid against adverse pregnancy outcomes other than neural tube defects, these effects have not been elucidated in detail. We evaluated whether folic acid supplementation is associated with favorable maternal and fetal outcomes. This was a secondary analysis of 215 pregnant women who were enrolled in our ...

This prospective cohort study designed to assess the effect of folic acid supplementation in pregnancy on the risk of preeclampsia (PE) took place in Ottawa, ON and Kingston, ON, Canada, from September 1, 2002 to August 31, 2008. Pregnant women, less than 20 weeks gestational age were recruited and delivered in the Ottawa region and the Kingston General Hospital. Demographic characteristics of ...

zinc deficiency during pregnancy has been related to adverse pregnancy outcomes. however, the results of zinc-supplementation trials have not been consistent in improvement of pregnancies outcomes. this study was undertaken to investigate whether zinc supplementation was associated with pregnancy complications in iranian women during the last 2 trimesters. it also assessed the anthropometric me...

In three consecutive years, spring-calving Hereford and Hereford x Angus cows (n = 348) were used to determine effects of level of supplemental energy or protein before and after calving on cowherd performance. Beginning on November 1, cows were individually fed 1.22 kg/d of a 40% CP (PROTEIN) or 2.44 kg/d of a 20% CP supplement (ENERGY) until calving. After calving, cows remained on the same s...

BACKGROUND Maternal diet during pregnancy is one of the most important factors associated with adequate fetal growth. There are many complications associated with fetal growth restriction that lead to lifelong effects. The aim of this review was to describe the studies examining the effects of protein energy supplementation during pregnancy on fetal growth focusing on the contextual differences...

BACKGROUND Maternal essential fatty acid status declines during pregnancy, and as a result, neonatal concentrations of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) and arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6) may not be optimal. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to improve maternal and neonatal fatty acid status by supplementing pregnant women with a combination of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3) and linoleic aci...

The occurrence of pregnancy induced hypertension in low-income young nulliparous women is confirmed in different reports and increase the risk of preeclampsia. More knowledge on the role of nutrients especially calcium demonstrates its major role in regulating blood pressure. Sufficient intake of pregnancy can prevent pregnancy induced hypertension. This study was conducted to evaluate efficacy...