The difficulties in properly anticipating key economic variables may encourage decision makers to rely on experts’ forecasts. The experts’ forecasts, however, may not be accurate. So, their forecasts must be empirically tested. This may induce experts to forecast strategically to pass the test. A test can be ignorantly passed if a false expert, with no knowledge of the data generating process, ...

Making a prediction is essentially expressing a belief about the future. It is therefore natural to interpret later predictions as revisions of earlier ones and to investigate the notion of belief revision in this context. We study, both semantically and syntactically, the following principle of minimum revision of prediction: "as long as there are no surprises, that is, as long as what actuall...

This paper describes a computational framework for theoretical models of classical conditioning. It is based on the engineering technique of Kalman filtering, which describes how systems can infer regularities in noisy and changing environments based on the results of partial experiments. The resulting class of conditioning theories has similarities with three existing (and apparently incompati...

14 www.computer.org/internet/ IEEE INTERNET COMPUTING cellular phone infrastructure and consumer devices that incorporate location services, digital imagers, accelerometers, Bluetooth access to off-board sensors, and easy programmability. These systems can be leveraged by individuals and communities to address a range of civic concerns, from safety and sustainability to personal and public heal...

: in this work, different levels of theory containing hf, b3lyp, and mp2 with different basis sets such as 6-31g, 6-31g*, 6-311g, 6-311+g, 6-31+g*, 6-31+g are used to predict relative acidity constants of some aniline derivatives. three different kinds of radii containing uahf, bondi, and pauling are used to study how cavity forms change acidity constants. in all cases, dpcm model is used to si...

The unification of gauge couplings suggests that there is an underlying (supersymmetric) unification of the strong, electromagnetic and weak interactions. The prediction of the unification scale may be the first quantitative indication that this unification may extend to unification with gravity. We make a precise determination of these predictions for a class of models which extend the multipl...

background: prediction of interaction sites within the membrane protein complexes using the sequence data is of a great importance, because it would find applications in modification of molecules transport through membrane, signaling pathways and drug targets of many diseases. nevertheless, it has gained little attention from the protein structural bioinformatics community. methods: in this stu...

Background: Similar upper extremity symptoms can present with varied physiologic etiologies. However, due to the multifaceted nature of musculoskeletal conditions, a definitive diagnosis using physical examination and advanced testing is not always possible. This report discusses the diagnosis and case management of a patient with two episodes of similar upper extremity symptoms of different et...