Capsaicin, which has been studied extensively as a treatment for itch and several chronic pain disorders, induces burning during the first week of therapy, causing a substantial percentage of patients to discontinue treatment prematurely. We examined whether pre-treatment with the topical anesthetic EMLA reduces the burning sensation induced by capsaicin and alters capsaicin effects on thermal ...

Metallothioneins (MTs) are small, cysteine-rich polypeptides, but the role of MTs in inducing the formation of adaptive response is still largely unknown. We investigated the roles of metallothionein genes (mtl-1 and mtl-2) in the formation of cross-adaptation response to neurobehavioral toxicity from metal exposure in Caenorhabditis elegans. Pre-treatment with mild heat-shock at L2-larva stage...

PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of pre-treatments of zirconia by sandblasting and/or heat treatment on the flexural strength of zirconia and debonding/crack-initiation strength of porcelain-veneered zirconia ceramic. MATERIALS AND METHODS Zirconia ceramic specimens were divided into four groups according to treatment (grinding as controls, sandblasting, heat t...

An efficient callus induction and plant regeneration system has been developed using salt and heat as pre-treatment factors for three barley genotypes viz. BB-3, BB-6 and BHL-18. Different concentrations of NaCl (1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 5.5 and 6.5 g/L) were used and its effects were determined on the basis of the viability of callus (CV), plant regeneration (PR), relative growth rate (RGR) and tol...

High voltage calcium channels are implicated in nociceptive transmission after nerve injury, capsaicin or formalin injection. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of calcium channels in secondary heat hyperalgesia associated with acute joint inflammation. After induction of acute inflammation (knee joint injection of kaolin and carrageenan), decreased paw withdrawal latency (PW...

Background: The chaperone activity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Acr is an important function that helps to prevent misfolding of protein substrates inside the host, especially in conditions of hypoxia. Objectives: The aim of this study was to establish the correlation of structure and function of recombinant Acr proteins both before and after ge...

postharvest losses are a limiting factor on storage life of many vegetables and fruits including citrus. therefore a study was conducted to evaluate the effects of thermal treatments and herbal thyme oil spray on sanguinello blood oranges in golestan province in the northern part of iran. the tests have been performed one day after harvesting, under four different treatments: hot water at 55˚c ...

The laser cladding of AA7075 powder onto a AA7075 substrate was conducted to evaluate the effect of heat treatment and measure residual stress between the clad layer and substrate in order to better understand the effect of laser cladding. The microstructure formed in the clad region was characteristic of a high cooling rate, which is typical for laser cladding. The heat affected zone showed co...

High-temperature stress often leads to differential RNA splicing, thus accumulating different types and/or amounts of mature mRNAs in eukaryotic cells. However, regulatory mechanisms underlying plant precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) splicing in the environmental stress conditions remain elusive. Herein, we describe that a U5-snRNP-interacting protein homolog STABILIZED1 (STA1) has pre-mRNA splicing ac...

a trial was conducted to evaluate the performance of broiler birds which supplemented with a commercial inactivated probiotic. four hundred and fifty day old broiler chickens were allocated into 3 treatments with 6 replicates each. each replicate was placed on clean wood shavings in floor pens receiving feed and water ad libitum. in treatment 1, feed was supplemented with 500 g/ton of a heat-in...