Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides a way for distribution of secure key in at least two parties which they initially share. And there are many protocols for providing a secure key i.e. BB84 protocol, SARG04 protocol, E91 protocol and many more. In this paper all the concerned protocols that share a secret key is explained and comparative study of all protocols shown.

This paper presents a multi-stage, multi-photon quantum key distribution protocol based on the double-lock cryptography. It exploits the asymmetry in the detection strategies between the legitimate users and the eavesdropper. The security analysis of the protocol is presented with coherent states under the interceptresend attack, the photon number splitting attack, and the man-in-the-middle att...

As a countermeasure for eavesdroppers in wireless communications, a secret key agreement scheme using a variable directional antenna called ESPAR antenna was developed. In this scheme, the process of information reconciliation is necessary to correct the discrepancies between the legitimate users’ keys. In this paper, we propose a new information reconciliation protocol using the reliability of...

Cascade is an information reconciliation protocol proposed in the context of secret key agreement in quantum cryptography. This protocol allows removing discrepancies in two partially correlated sequences that belong to distant parties, connected through a public noiseless channel. It is highly interactive, thus requiring a large number of channel communications between the parties to proceed a...

We present a security analysis against collective attacks for a time-energy entanglement-based quantum key distribution protocol, given the practical constraints of single photon detector efficiency, channel loss, and finite-key considerations. We find a positive secure-key capacity when the key length increases beyond 104 for eight-dimensional systems. The minimum key length required is reduce...

A scheme of grouping key distribution based on polynomial protocol is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The grouping idea is ingeniously used in the design of key distribution. The performance is experimental demonstrated by comparing with kinds of random key pre-distribution schemes. The results show that it can not only guarantee the key connected rate but also strengthen the security...