BACKGROUND One of the most important problems after episiotomy is perineal pain which is more severe on the first day of postpartum period. The aim of this study was to compare the analgesic effects of indomethacin suppository and lidocaine cream in the management of post-episiotomy pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a randomized, controlled trial, 60 primiparous women who had mediolateral episio...

BACKGROUND The relief of post-cesarean delivery pain is important. Good pain relief improves mobility and reduces the risk of thromboembolic disease, which may have been increased during pregnancy. Pain may impair the mother's ability to optimally care for her infant in the immediate postpartum period and may adversely affect early interactions between mother and infant. It is necessary, theref...

PURPOSE Modern neuraxial labour analgesia reflects a shift in obstetrical anesthesia thinking - away from a simple focus on pain relief towards a focus on the overall quality of analgesia. However, advances in the methods used to measure outcomes have not kept pace with clinical progress, and these approaches must evolve to facilitate meaningful assessment of the advances provided towards the q...

decades ago for pain relief in labour, controversy has persisted about its effect on the labour process. As a result of this, considerable research has been performed and findings have led to changes in practice. Epidurals have been creditedwithprolonginglabour; increasingoxytocin requirements, instrumental and operative delivery rates; and causing maternal pyrexia and postpartum back pain. The...

OBJECTIVE This randomized double-blinded control trial was conducted to compare the effectiveness of tramodol and placebo rectal suppository for the management of postpartum perineal pain after perineorrhaphy. MATERIAL AND METHOD One hundred women who gave birth vaginally with episiotomy and a second- or third-degree tear, were randomly assign to receive two tablets oftramadol 50 mg or two ta...

We present a descriptive study based on the data from two clinical trials conducted at a maternity hospital in São Paulo, Brazil, in 2008 and 2009. This study aimed to describe perineal temperature after the application of an ice pack during the postpartum period. Three groups of 38 postpartum women (n=114 total) received an ice pack between 2 and 48 h after delivery. The results showed that af...

shown with this specimen demonstrating asymmetry of the vertebral arteries. The circle-of-Willis in this specimen has diffuse patches of atheroma in its walls. The final section of this tape is on the external ear, the tympanic membrane and auditory ossicles. Summary These five tapes are a magnificent learning aid for both the student and clinician. This reviewer has prepared a small specimen f...

This study of 513 mothers aimed to determine the feasibility of conducting a randomized controlled trial on the use of aromatherapy during labor as a care option that could improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. Pain perception was reduced in the aromatherapy group for nulliparae (first time delivery of a child). There were no associated adverse effects of using EO’s on maternal or neonatal ou...

Mothers given an epidural rather than parenteral opioid labor analgesia report less pain and are more satisfied with their pain relief. Analgesic method does not affect fetal oxygenation, neonatal pH, or 5-minute Apgar scores; however, neonates whose mothers received parenteral opioids require naloxone and have low 1-minute Apgar scores more frequently than do neonates whose mothers received ep...