Introduction: In orthodontic treatment, adequate anchorage is necessary to move the intended teeth. In some cases, just anterior teeth are malaligned, while posterior occlusion is acceptable. Therefore, the posterior teeth could be integrated by fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) to provide a rigid anchorage. This method proved advantageous since brackets are bonded just to anter...

  Stochastic models such as mixture models, graphical models, Markov random fields and hidden Markov models have key role in probabilistic data analysis. In this paper, we have learned Gaussian mixture model to the pixels of an image. The parameters of the model have estimated by EM-algorithm.   In addition pixel labeling corresponded to each pixel of true image is made by Bayes rule. In fact, ...

Abstract: Stochastic models such as mixture models, graphical models, Markov random fields and hidden Markov models have key role in probabilistic data analysis. In this paper, we used Gaussian mixture model to the pixels of an image. The parameters of the model were estimated by EM-algorithm.   In addition pixel labeling corresponded to each pixel of true image was made by Bayes rule. In fact,...

The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is the largest and strongest ligament in the human knee, and the primary posteriorstabilizer. Recent anatomy and biomechanical studies have provided an improved understanding of PCL function. PCLinjuries are typically combined with other ligamentous, meniscal and chondral injuries. Stress radiography has becomean important and validated objective measure in...

Hip dislocation occurs when the femur does not break and the force is transmitted towards the hip joint leading to a posterior dislocation of the femoral head with or without posterior acetabular fracture. We present the case of a 26 year old patient involved in motor vehicle accident. Clinical and imaging (radiography, CT) examination revealed an intertrochanteric fracture associated with ipsi...

 Abstract Background: Correction of severe kyphosis is a challenging operation in spinal surgery. A two stage operation has been commonly used: anterior release and decompression followed by posterior correction and fusion. We describe the posterior vertebral osteotomy technique for correction of severe and rigid kyphosis through posterior-only approach. Methods: Twelve patients (six male and s...

We report a 64-year-old diabetic woman who developed neovascularization of the posterior capsule 2 years after cataract surgery and intraocular lens implantation. The patient was treated with single injection of 1.25 mg of intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) via pars plana. After one week, complete regression of the posterior capsule neovascularization was achieved allowing us to perform Nd: YAG...