Introduction: In radiotherapy, treatment planning methods are evaluating and transforming every day, so precision in calculation and determination of dose delivery process is performing more important role in radiotherapy than past. In modern radiotherapy treatments, deramatically increase of small fields utilization, causes the polymeric gels has known as the most reliable dos...

Rational molecular design and processing, enabling large-area molecular ordering, are important for creating high-performance organic materials and devices. We show that, upon one-step hot-pressing with uniaxially stretched Teflon sheets, a polymer brush carrying azobenzene-containing mesogenic side chains self-assembles into a freestanding film, where the polymer backbone aligns homeotropicall...

We report on conjugated polymer nanoparticles of polyfluorene that were formed to exhibit higher fluorescence quantum efficiency in film (68%) and reduce undesired emission peak wavelength shifts in film (by 20 nm), compared to the solid-state polymer thin film made directly out of the same polymer solution without forming nanoparticles. Using the facile reprecipitation method, solutions of pol...

Due to the good photocatalytic activity, the TiO2@CNTs thin film is highly desirable to apply to the self-cleaning glass for green intelligent building. Here, the TiO2@CNTs thin film has been successfully achieved by polymer-assisted approach of an aqueous chemical solution method. The polymer, polyethylenimine, aims to combine the Ti4+ with CNTs for film formation of TiO2@CNTs. The resultant t...

The electropolymerization of 7,14-diphenylacenaphtho[1,2-k ]fluoranthene on a platinum or indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode produces an electroactive film which displays fluorescence and electrochromism. We report a study of the electrochemical properties and other characteristics of this film, such as the resistance dependence by the potential applied to the electrode. In particular, the film s...

Motivated by recent experiments on the electro-hydrodynamic instability of spincast polymer films, we study the undulation instability of a thin viscoelastic polymer film under in-plane stress and in the presence of either a close by contactor or an electric field, both inducing a normal stress on the film surface. We find that the in-plane stress affects both the typical timescale of the insta...

This Communication describes the fabrication of planar structures comprising metallic features with nanometer-scale lateral dimensions in polymer prepared by sectioning a thin metallic film, embedded in a polymer matrix, in a plane perpendicular to the metallic film. This procedure converts a structure that is thin along the z-axis into a structure that is thin along the x-axis. The embedded th...

Constant-pressure molecular-dynamics simulations have been carried out of a bead−rod model polymer confined between two attractive crystalline substrates. Three different substrate−substrate separations (i.e., film thicknesses) were used and two different polymer−substrate interaction strengths. The density profiles show a monomer layering close to the polymer− substrate interface. A higher den...

Designable media can control properties of nanocomposite materials by spatially organizing nanoparticles. Here we theoretically study particle organization by ultrathin polymer films of grafted chains ("brushes"). Polymer-soluble nanoparticles smaller than a brush-determined threshold disperse in the film to a depth scaling inversely with particle volume. In the polymer-insoluble case, aggregat...