Today, mobile and its effective presence in all aspects of human life has become undeniable. The presence compared to the internet and its effect is broader and more progressive. The mobile phones and especially applications such as the SMS services are no longer a technical tool but it has a various media function, cultural, social, economic, political and shaping its own culture. This paper a...

the nature and the existence of political fiqh, in addition to its type and necessity of existence, its origin, function, and effects, and its relevance to politics, have received the attention of moslem philosphers, who categorized fiqh under politics and political sciences. this is an attempt to clarify the philosophy of political fiqh in the framework of political philosophy.

In this article, the role of Sociological Factors affecting youthparticipation in the cities of Mazandaran province has been investigated. The theoretical framework and theoretical model were presented using theorist's theory such as Lipset, Weber, Perry, and so on. This research was conducted through a survey method, formal and structural validity was used and reliability was also obtained usi...

The historically prevailing view in the network literature has been that relationships within networks develop gradually and cumulatively over time, with power playing what might be termed a ‘concrete’ role in such a process, based primarily on identifiable resource dependencies. The concept of (Foucauldian) ‘system power’, beginning to emerge in the management and organisation literature, is n...

With the business environment become more complex and dynamic, organizations have been faced with more pressures of competition. Organizations are often compelled to form strategic alliances with other organizations to survive and prosper. The inter-organizational arrangement can become favorable seedbed for inter-organization conflict. The participants in the strategic alliance often spend a s...

This paper generalizes the model proposed by Misra, by considering switching between political parties. In the model proposed, the movements of members from political party B to political party C and vice versa, are considered but the net movement is considered by assuming that [Formula: see text] (a constant), which implies that the movement of members is either from party B to party C or from...