narcissism is one of the poetic techniques in which the poet boasts about and glorifies his/her own people’s  merits and achievements. this style can be seen in most of arab poets in different eras. narcissism is classified into various kinds such as congenital, literary, political and religious narcissism and so the like. as it was liked a lot in the past, composing this style was very common....

Yaklaşık beş asır süren Abbâsîler Devleti’nin Arap şiiri açısından oldukça verimli kabul edilen ilk asırlarında büyük şairler yetişmiştir. Bunlardan biri olan İbnü’r-Rûmî (öl. 283/896), şiirinin en hacimli divanına sahip bir şairdir. Hemen her temada şiir kaleme almış şairin temayüz eden tarafı tartışmasız onun kural tanımaz hicivleridir. Öyle ki Abbâsî dönemi şiirinde hiciv denildiğinde akla g...

if we take ibn malik as the connecting chain of the interconnected history of syntax, we will find him among the last analytic scholars and theorist grammarians, since in his era, the principles of syntax has been established and grammarians didn’t provide new ideas. but discussion of ibn malik’s innovative syntactic approaches is important because of two reasons. due to his authoritative posit...

â â â â â  graphic description: â  the mystery of ibn khafaja's success in description â  â ali bagher taheriniya * â javad ranjbar ** â  â  â abstractâ ibn khafaja is one of the poets and men of letters in spain. he is titled to sanobari of spain. he is one of the masters of description. hence, the analysis of successful techniques he has used in the descriptive art could illuminate the w...

Abdullah Ibn Rawahah is considered one of the poets Prophet, peace, and blessings God, who uses his poetry to defend Islam Messenger as well Muslims in general especially after he embraced Islam. He did not only strive with sword, but also words a platform spread Islamic Da’wah. His talent spontaneity writing poems had influence terms preparing them for war encouraging surrender spreading Howev...

PurposeThis study aimed to describe the influence of race, environment, and era in Andalusian society on Ibn Zaidun's hymn (praise) tahniah (congratulations) poetry using perspective Hippolite Adolf Taine. MethodThis was a qualitative research library design that relied Diwan Zaidun: Rasailuhu, Akhbaruhu, Syi'rul Mikjain written by Kamil Kailani Abdurrahman. This analyzed tradition praise (mada...

the life of ibn hani can be divided into two parts: the first period under the umayyad rule in andalusia, where he spends nearly three decades of his life in his homeland in obscurity without referring scholars in his life to the poem or literary pieces, and the second period is in moroccan area, proven in his divan, after his sun has raised and shone commonly mentioned there.  the study in the...

Let IBn be the set of all irreducible matrices in Bn and let SIBn be the set of all symmetric matrices in IBn. Finding an upper bound for the set of indices of matrices in IBn and SIBn and determining gaps in the set of indices of matrices in IBn and SIBn has been studied by many researchers. In this paper, we establish a best upper bound for the set of weak exponents of indecomposability of ma...