In this study, we propose a novel endoscopic manipulation system that is controlled by a surgeon’s eye movements. The optical axis direction of the endoscopic manipulator is altered intuitively based on the surgeon’s pupil movements. A graphical user interface was developed by dividing the monitor screen into several areas with shape boundaries, so that the movement direction of the endoscope c...

Pinin (Pnn), a serine/arginine-rich (SR)-related protein, has been shown to play multiple roles within eukaryotic cells including cell-cell adhesion, cell migration, regulation of gene transcription, mRNA export and alternative splicing. In this study, an attempt to generate mice homozygously deficient in Pnn failed because of early embryonic lethality. To evaluate the effects of loss of Pnn ex...

Zero insulators directly reduce the electrical performance of insulator strings, affecting safe and reliable operation transmission lines. The grounding current string contains characteristic information performance. Extracting can realize detection zero value insulator, which is great significance to ensure In this paper, composite used on ultra-high-voltage (UHV) lines studied analyze influen...

Calculating the daily changing composition of parenteral nutrition for small newborn infants is troublesome and time consuming routine work in neonatal intensive care. The task needs expertise and experience and is prone to inherent calculation errors. We designed VIE-PNN (Vienna Expert System for Parenteral Nutrition of Neonates), a knowledge-based system (KBS) in order to reduce daily routine...

In India, the oral cancers are usually presented in advanced stage of malignancy. It is critical to ascertain the diagnosis in order to initiate most advantageous treatment of the suspicious lesions. The main hurdle in appropriate treatment and control of oral cancer is identification and risk assessment of early disease in the community in a cost-effective fashion. The objective of this resear...

An extension of the well-known probabilistic neural network (PNN) to generalized locally recurrent PNN (GLR PNN) is introduced. The GLR PNN is derived from the original PNN by incorporating a fully connected recurrent layer between the pattern and output layers. This extension renders GLR PNN sensitive to the context in which events occur, and therefore, capable of identifying temporal and spat...

Embedding the original high dimensional data in a low dimensional space helps to overcome the curse of dimensionality and removes noise. The aim of this work is to evaluate the performance of three different linear dimensionality reduction techniques (DR) techniques namely principal component analysis (PCA), multi dimensional scaling (MDS) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) on classificatio...

Probabilistic Neural Network for Predicting the Stability numbers of Breakwater Armor Blocks Doo Kie Kim1, Dong Hyawn Kim2, Seong Kyu Chang1 and Sang Kil Chang1 Summary The stability numbers determining the Armor units are very important to design breakwaters, because armor units are designed for defending breakwaters from repeated wave loads. This study presents a probabilistic neural network ...

In recent years the Probabilistic Neural Network (PPN) has been used in a large number of applications due to its simplicity and efficiency. PNN assigns the test data to the class with maximum likelihood compared with other classes. Likelihood of the test data to each training data is computed in the pattern layer through a kernel density estimation using a simple Bayesian rule. The kernel is u...

Investment theory has as a major tenet the concept of efficient markets. In an efficient market all information is fully reflected in the price of a stock. As such, there is no trading strategy based on known data that can earn an abnormal profit. Using price and volume data, this design and subsequent model produces a weak form test of the efficient markets hypothesis. First, an Object-Oriente...