CONTEXT With routine childhood vaccination using heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, one concern has been the potential for emergence and expansion of replacement disease caused by serotypes not contained in the heptavalent conjugate vaccine. OBJECTIVE To determine whether replacement disease is associated with the overall decline in invasive pneumococcal disease among Alaska Native c...

I caused by Streptococcus p n e u m o n i a e r e m a i n a m a j o r public health problem worldwide. Due to large serotype diversity i n p n e u m o c o c c u s , v a c c i n e s that induce antibody responses against multiple capsular antigens h a ve b e e n d e ve l o p e d . At t h e moment, there are two licensed anti-pneumococcal vaccines for possible use in elderly people: the classical...

3. Department of Health. United Kingdom. Chapter 25: pneumococcal. In: Immunisation against infectious diseases—‘The green book’. 2006 [cited 2011 Nov 11]. http://www.dh.gov.uk/PolicyAndGuidance/HealthAndSocialCareTopics/GreenBook/GreenBookGeneralInformation/ GreenBookGeneralArticle/fs/en?CONTENT_ ID=4097254&chk=isTfGX) 4. Borrow R, Stanford E, Waight P, Helbert M, Balmer P, Warrington R, et al...

BACKGROUND Otitis media with effusion (OME) is very common during childhood. Because Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the most common bacterial pathogens involved in OME, pneumococcal vaccines may have a role in the prevention of recurrent OME. OBJECTIVE We sought to assess the effect of combined pneumococcal conjugate and polysaccharide vaccinations on the recurrence of OME. METHODS A ra...

Invasive pneumococcal disease is a relevant public health problem in Brazil, especially among children and the elderly. In July/2010 a 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine was introduced to the immunization schedule of Brazilian children under two years of age. Between July/2010 and December/2013 we conducted a case-series study on invasive pneumococcal disease in Salvador, Brazil to descri...

Children who had initially received three doses of either a nonavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine containing serotypes 1, 4, 5, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, and 23F or placebo at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age were bled at 9 and 18 months for determination of antibody concentrations. The children were then randomized to receive a booster dose of either the 9-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine or a ...

BACKGROUND Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading and serious coinfection in adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, particularly in Africa. Prevention of this disease by vaccination with the current 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine is suboptimal. Protein conjugate vaccines offer a further option for protection, but data on their clinical efficacy in adults are needed. METHOD...

BACKGROUND An important development in the field of adult pneumococcal vaccination since the last Consensus Statement, published by the Expert Panel of Central and Eastern Europe and Israel (the Region) in September 2012, was the licensure of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) for adults aged 50 years and older. DISCUSSION The Expert Panel has developed this Position Stateme...

Glycoconjugate vaccines have dramatically reduced the incidence of encapsulated bacterial diseases in toddlers under 2 years of age, but vaccine-induced antibody levels in this age group wane rapidly. We immunized adults and 12-month-old toddlers with heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine to determine differences in B-cell and antibody responses. The adults and 12-month-old toddlers receiv...

In 2001, a publicly funded 7 valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (7vPCV) program commenced for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children aged less than 2 years. This study updates early estimates of 7vPCV coverage in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children using Australian Childhood Immunisation Register data between 31 December 2004 and 30 September 2007. We chose four 3-month bi...