A graph is unfrozen with respect to k independent set if it has an independent set of size k after the addition of any edge. The problem of recognizing such graphs is known to be NP-complete. A graph is maximal if the addition of one edge means it is no longer unfrozen. We designate the problem of recognizing maximal unfrozen graphs as MAX(U(k-SET)) and show that this problem is CO-NP-complete....

In this paper, we introduce the class of co-deenite set constraints. This is a natural sub-class of set constraints which, when satissable, have a greatest solution. It is practically motivated by the set-based analysis of logic programs with the greatest-model semantics. We present an algorithm solving co-deenite set constraints and show that their satissa-bility problem is DEXPTIME-complete.

Enhanced Heat Release Rate (HRR) methodology has been extended to the Mass Loss Calorimeter (MLC) and the Modified Schlyter flame spread test to evaluate fire retardant effectiveness used on wood based materials. Modifications to MLC include installation of thermopile on the chimney walls to correct systematic errors to the sensible HRR calculations to account for radiant energy losses to the c...

The radiant time series method is a new method for performing design cooling load calculations, derived from the heat balance method. It effectively replaces all other simplified (non-heat-balance) methods such as the cool#zg load temperature difference~solar cooling load~cooling load factor method (CLTD/SCL/CLF), the total equivalent temperature difference~time averaging method (TETD/TA), and ...

In order to assess possible synergistic antinociceptive interactions, the analgesic effects of intra-peritoneal tramadol and morphine administered either separately or in combination were determined using tail-flick latency test following exposure to radiant heat in rats. Groups of eight male Sprague-Dawley rats received either tramadol (3.90, 7.00, 12.50, and 22.20 mg kg-1) and morp...

In this paper, we introduce the notion of co-annihilator of a subsetin a triangle algebra. It is shown that the co-annihilator of asubset is an interval valued residuated lattice (IVRL)-filter. Also, aspecial set of a triangle algebra is defined and the relationshipbetween this set and co-annihilator of a subset in triangle algebrais considered. Finally, co-annihilators preserving congruencerel...

In the present paper, we have presented a Maxwellian boundary-type solution for total internal reflection with unbounded incident waves at an interface between two nonabsorbing media, in which the instantaneous, time varying, and time averaged radiant fluxes have been determined at all points in the two media. Solutions for the s and p polarizations were found for which the instantaneous tangen...