The use of an alkane mixture that remains liquid at 77 K to freeze specimens has advantages over the use of a pure alkane that is solid at 77 K. It was found that a mixture of methane and ethane did not give a cooling rate adequate to produce vitreous ice, but a mixture of propane and ethane did result in vitreous ice. Furthermore, the latter mixture produced less damage to specimens mounted on...

The loss of linear momentum by gravitational radiation and the resulting gravitational recoil of black-hole binary systems may play an important role in the growth of massive black holes in early galaxies. We calculate the gravitational recoil of nonspinning black-hole binaries at the second post-Newtonian order (2PN) beyond the dominant effect, obtaining, for the first time, the 1.5PN correcti...

During the 1980s, the profile of recreational water quality at Sydney’s beaches caused concern among Sydneysiders. Monitoring of recreational water quality indicated that most Sydney beaches had poor water quality, and this condition was attributed to the disposal of partiallytreated sewage at cliff-face discharges. An epidemiological study conducted in 1989–1990 attempted to determine the prev...

We study the coalescence of nonspinning binary black holes from near the innermost stable circular orbit down to the final single rotating black hole. We use a technique that combines the full numerical approach to solve the Einstein equations, applied in the truly nonlinear regime, and linearized perturbation theory around the final distorted single black hole at later times. We compute the pl...

Part with sculptured surfaces is obtained in three stages: roughing, semi-finishing and finishing. The roughing operation consists in using flat end tools or fillet end tools on sequential horizontal cutting planes to remove the most material from the raw part as rapidly as possible using “Parallel Planes” or “Offset Contours” machining strategy. When roughing deep parts, radial cutting forces,...