BACKGROUND Plastic bronchitis is a rare but life-threatening disorder and is usually associated with congenital heart disease or pulmonary disease. CASE CHARACTERISTICS A 5-year-old boy with minimal change nephrotic syndrome who developed a relapse along with cough, fever and dyspnea. OBSERVATION Chest X-ray showed atelectasis of right upper lobe of lung, and nasal swab was positive for inf...

The most common cause of bronchial cast formation is plastic bronchitis. In our case, severe respiratory insufficiency occurred 1 day after elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a 35-year-old man with a history of recurrent pulmonary infections, leading to acute hypercapnic

A 4-year-old boy was admitted to a regional hospital with a 2-day history of fever, cough and dyspnea. His past medical history was unremarkable. On admission, the child presented with fever (38.5 ° C) and respiratory distress. The breath sounds were diminished on the left side. The C-reactive protein level and white blood cell count were elevated (5 mg/dl, normal range 0–1, and 15.2 ! 10 9 /l,...

Plastic bronchitis, a condition associated with widespread mucous plugging of the tracheobronchial tree, is an increasingly recognised bronchoscopic finding in acute chest syndrome of sickle cell disease. Removal of casts by bronchoscopy is technically challenging. We describe a child with acute chest syndrome where bronchoscopic removal of extensive tracheobronchial plastic casts was facilitat...

Plastic bronchitis is a rare and often fatal complication of single-ventricle surgical palliation after total cavopulmonary connection. Although lymphatic abnormalities have been postulated to play a role in the disease process, the etiology and pathophysiology of this complication remain incompletely understood. Here we report on the etiology of plastic bronchitis in a child with total cavopul...