Vacuum plasma spraying (VPS) is an industrial technique used to coat substrates with a wide range of materials for numerous applications. Historically, vacuum plasma spraying processes have been open-loop processes with, at most, closed-loop control of the spray parameters. Such processes would benefit from closed-loop control as the issues of process repeatability and coating quality could be ...

Historically, the development of new coating processes at Alstom's Birr, Switzerland factory was iterative, time-consuming and expensive. In the coating shop, each order for a new coated component requires identification of a statistically acceptable production process in order to conform to engineering requirements. In an effort to streamline coating process development, Alstom began working o...

Background Farmers in developing countries use highly toxic organophosphate pesticides. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare plasma cholinesterase (PChE) enzyme activity before and after exposure to organophosphate pesticides in a real-life setting. Methods This was a prospective study conducted on 25 farmers spraying organophosphate pesticide in their farm. The PChE level was measured ...