Plant viruses utilize the vascular system for systemic movement. The plant vascular network also transports water, photosynthates, and signaling molecules and is essential for plant growth. However, the molecular mechanisms governing vascular development and patterning are still largely unknown. From a viral transport suppressor screening using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), we identified...

Plant neurobiology is a newly focused field of plant biology research that aims to understand how plants process the information they obtain from their environment to develop, prosper and reproduce optimally. The behavior plants exhibit is coordinated across the whole organism by some form of integrated signaling, communication and response system. This system includes long-distance electrical ...

Plant viruses utilize the vascular system for systemic movement. The plant vascular network also transports water, photosynthates, and signaling molecules and is essential for plant growth. However, the molecular mechanisms governing vascular development and patterning are still largely unknown. From viral transport suppressor screening using virus-induced gene silencing, we identified a 26S pr...

Realizing pipe dreams – a detailed picture of vascular development This special issue of Journal of Experimental Botany focuses on the developmental mechanisms required to generate plant vascular tissue. The focus is Arabidopsis, including the three models for initial patterning involving the interaction of auxin and cytokinin, and going on to look at expansion and differentiation into xylem an...

vasculature was once thought to function as a mere conduit for nutrients and hormones. However, recent evidence indicates that this transport system can participate in the dissemination of various signal molecules throughout the plant. Interestingly, these signals include not only traditional signaling factors, such as proteins and growth-regulating small molecules, but also RNA. Once RNA was t...

Vascular tissues are important for transporting water and nutrients throughout the plant and as physical support of upright growth. The primary constituents of vascular tissues, xylem, and phloem, are derived from the meristematic vascular procambium and cambium. Xylem cells develop secondary cell walls (SCWs) that form the largest part of plant lignocellulosic biomass that serve as a renewable...

developmental venous anomaly (dva) is a common lesion formerly known as venous angioma. dvas drain normal brain parenchyma; however, parenchymal abnormalities surrounding dvas have been reported. unilateral putamen and caudate calcification in the drainage territory of dvas has so far been reported in 7 cases, all with deep venous drainage. we present two additional cases of dvas, one with supe...

The core of plant physiology is a set of functional solutions to a tradeoff between CO(2) acquisition and water loss. To provide an important evolutionary perspective on how the earliest land plants met this tradeoff, we constructed a mathematical model (constrained geometrically with measurements of fossils) of the hydraulic resistance of Asteroxylon, an Early Devonian plant. The model results...

the impact of installing process control systems can be expected in terms of performance improvements through reduced operating costs.  since these installations impose considerable capital expenditure, the profitability of the new systems should be economically justified. controlled variable trend was reconstructed by a combination of simple waves, which provided a means to simulate the effect...