increasing overall liberalization and improving reliability indexes are the two prime but often conflicting objectives of electricity markets. proper embedding of regulatory intervention of price caps provides an effective means to tradeoff between these two objectives. surprisingly, in the context of the infinitely repeated game paradigm, as in the case of actual electricity markets, the domin...

A general method is given for fitting a shape to points measured with statistical error on a surface of known “blueprint” shape. The results have application in standards for the quality of engineered surfaces. Pivotal models are an extension of the structured models devised by Fraser (1968). The method is developed here only for the fitting of circles and ellipses. The shapes of the megalithic...