In this article authors obtained solutions to determine the ground curved sections free vibrations of thin-walled large-diameter pipelines with a liquid flow, based on geometrically nonlinear version semi-momentless toroidal shells medium bending theory by V.Z. Vlasov and V.V. Novozhilov. The pipeline is shell, design scheme presented in form half torus. Angle β = 1800. shell laid an elastic fo...

The need for habitat recovery in coastal areas, especially those subjected to intensive exploitation, has increased because of significant historical loss and alteration habitats and, therefore, adverse ecological impacts. present study defines a stepwise approach mitigate deep environments, describing the planning, intervention, monitoring phases following Trans Adriatic Pipeline (TAP) laying ...

an experiment featuring waterhammer in viscoelastic pipes is presented in which the effects of pipe-wall viscoelasticity on waterhammer pressures are investigated. a large-scale pipeline apparatus made of polyvinyl chloride (pvc) at deltares, delft, the netherlands, has been used to carry out waterhammer experiments. tests have been conducted in a reservoir-pipeline-valve system consisting of a...

In this article, the entire energy embodied in a sewage system has been estimated. The concepts of LCC, LCA and EE have taken into consideration. estimation is calculated from moment extracting raw materials, through its transportation, to making final product. choice materials production technology an important aspect here. This article considers construction procedure gravity gravity-pump sys...

Parsers are a fundamental building block in the data processing pipeline of software systems. Unfortunately, they are also an important entry point for attacks. A number of different techniques have been proposed to address this problem; what is common to most of them is that their authors make claims about formal language theory to motivate their respective approaches. Surprisingly, for a numb...

Distances from the insulation shell of pipelines duringchannelless laying to utility networks are recommended by regulatory documents, but in real conditions it is not always possible comply with these parameters. Calculations have been made verify that gas pipeline can be laid next supply heating network problematic section installation where restrictions met. The soil temperature on wall case...

based upon them. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Time of beginning of laying in the first year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Time of beginning of laying in the second year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Time of cessation of layin...

An experiment featuring waterhammer in viscoelastic pipes is presented in which the effects of pipe-wall viscoelasticity on waterhammer pressures are investigated. A large-scale pipeline apparatus made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) at Deltares, Delft, The Netherlands, has been used to carry out waterhammer experiments. Tests have been conducted in a reservoir-pipeline-valve system consisting of a...

Free spans or suspended spans normally occur in subsea pipelines due to the irregularity of seabed and byscouring phenomena around the installed non-buried pipeline. The hydrodynamic around the pipeline canlead to a vibration of the pipeline.This kind of vibration may cause fatigue damage to the pipeline. In orderto study the hydrodynamic around the pipeline, calculating the natural frequency o...