This paper investigates the buckling behavior of piezoelectric nanowires under distributed transverse loading, within the framework of the Timoshenko beam theory, and in the presence of surface effects. Analytical relations are given for the critical force of axial buckling of nanowires by accounting for the effects of surface elasticity, residual surface tension, and transverse shear deformati...

Converting mechanical energy into electricity could have applications in sensing, medical science, defence technology and personal electronics, and the ability of nanowires to 'scavenge' energy from ambient and environmental sources could prove useful for powering nanodevices. Previously reported nanowire generators were based on vertically aligned piezoelectric nanowires that were attached to ...

In this work we analyze the coupled piezoelectric and semiconductive behavior of vertically aligned ZnO nanowires under uniform compression. The screening effect on the piezoelectric field caused by the free carriers in vertically compressed zinc oxide nanowires (NWs) has been computed by means of both analytical considerations and finite element calculations. We predict that, for typical geome...

In this work, we design and fabricate a wireless system with the main operating device based on zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires. The main operating device is based on piezoelectric nanogenerator (NG) achieved using ZnO nanowires grown hydrothermally on paper substrate. The fabricated NG is capable of harvesting ambient mechanical energy from various kinds of human motion, e.g., footsteps. The harves...

The piezoelectric power generation from ZnO nanowire arrays grown on different substrates using different methods is investigated. ZnO nanowires were grown on n-SiC and n-Si substrates using both the high-temperature vapor liquid solid (VLS) and the low-temperature aqueous chemical growth (ACG) methods. A conductive atomic force microscope (AFM) is used in contact mode to defl ect the ZnO nanow...

Gallium nitride (GaN) wires are used to build up capacitive flexible piezoelectric sensors dedicated to structural health monitoring applications. These slightly cone-shaped nanowires with a hexagonal cross section are grown on sapphire substrate by Metal Organic Vapor Phase Epitaxy (MOVPE); their length (L) can vary from few microns up to hundreds of microns, while the conicity angle (alpha) e...

Energy harvesting technologies that are engineered to miniature sizes, while still increasing the power delivered to wireless electronics, (1, 2) portable devices, stretchable electronics, (3) and implantable biosensors, (4, 5) are strongly desired. Piezoelectric nanowire- and nanofiber-based generators have potential uses for powering such devices through a conversion of mechanical energy into...

Design of a low-cost, eco-friendly, self-poled and flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator based on lead-free H 2 (Zr 0.1 Ti 0.9 ) 3 O 7 piezo-nanowires polylactic acid biodegradable piezopolymer.

This Tutorial teaches the essential development of nitrogen-plasma-assisted molecular-beam-epitaxy grown InGaN nanowires as an application-inspired platform for energy harvesting and conversion applications by growing dislocation- strain-relieved axial InGaN-based nanowires. The aims to shed light on interfacial, surface, electrical, photoelectrochemical characteristics through nanoscale ultraf...