materials and methods in this school-based cross-sectional survey, a pre-tested structured self-administered questionnaire was set for obtaining the socio-demographic data (age at menarche, number of siblings, occupation and educational attainment of their parents, etc.), while the anthropometric status data was obtained by direct measurement of weight and height. the body mass index (bmi) and ...

This paper describes a practical control method for nanometer level point-to-point positioning (PTP) using a conventional ballscrew mechanism. nominal characteristic trajectory following controller (NCTF controller) is used for the ultra-precision positioning. The controller design, which s comprised of a nominal characteristic trajectory (NCT) and a PI compensator, is free from exact modeling ...

We consider the application of a recently developed “conditional integrator” technique for the output regulation of a class of nonlinear systems to process control systems. For a special choice of the controller parameters, our controller reduces to a finely tuned saturated PI/PID type controller with an anti-windup structure. This is of particular significance because while the application of ...

Desert ants, Cataglyphis fortis, are equipped with remarkable skills that enable them to navigate efficiently. When travelling between the nest and a previously visited feeding site, they perform path integration (PI), but pinpoint the nest or feeder by following odour plumes. Homing ants respond to nest plumes only when the path integrator indicates that they are near home. This is crucial, as...

The activity of many proteins depends on the phosphoinositide (PI) content of the membrane. E.g., dynamic changes of the concentration of PI(4,5)P2 are cellular signals that regulate ion channels. The susceptibility of a channel to such dynamics depends on its affinity for PI(4,5)P2. Yet, measuring affinities for endogenous PIs has not been possible directly, but has relied largely on the respo...

In this paper, based on a benchmark the performance of Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC), improvement is presented comparatively by using Proportional Integrator (PI)-type controllers optimized Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) computational intelligence method, fractional order (FO)-type differential and integral calculus, PI-type controller in tandem with Reinforcement Learning—Twin-Delayed...

Given a set P of n points in R, a typical clustering problem asks for partitioning P into a family of k subsets {P1, . . . , Pk}, so that a certain objective function is minimized. The objective function depends on the application and varies. A typical clustering problem is the so-called centered clustering problem in which a representative point ci (or a q-flat) is chosen for each cluster Pi a...

Good way to the more efficient control of Higher Order Control System is to use fractional order PID controllers. In this paper, Fractional order PID Controller for Higher Order Control System is proposed and designed for 3 order control system. Podlubny proposed a generalization of the PID controller, namely the PI D controller, involving an integrator of order and a differentiator of order μ....