The cell wall (CW) is critical for the accumulation of heavy metals in metal-tolerant plants. Polysaccharides, main component CW, contribute significantly to immobilization metals. However, mechanisms rare earth elements (REEs) adsorption and detoxification by polysaccharides walls Phytolacca americana L. (P. americana) remain unclear. In this work, we explored binding sites REEs modifications ...

Premise of the study Phytolacca acinosa (Phytolaccaceae) is a traditional Chinese herb with multiple medicinal uses and is an important pigment source. Due to excessive human harvesting, the population numbers and sizes have decreased dramatically. Methods and Results Using an enriched genomic library, we developed and characterized 15 microsatellite primers for P. acinosa, 13 of which were p...

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Rats obtained food-pellet reinforcers by nose poking a lighted key. Experiment 1 examined resistance to extinction following single-schedule training with different variable-interval schedules, ranging from a mean interval of 16 min to 0.25 min. That is, for each schedule, the rats received 20 consecutive daily baseline sessions and then a session of extinction (i.e., no reinforcers). Resistanc...

However, the idea causes some real disquiet among practical businesspeople, information specialists and even many in knowledge management. The image of a group of businesspeople squatting around a campfire swapping stories is scary on a number of levels: Ripped and dirty suits and dresses, setting off fire alarms, poking people with sticks, and finally, huge amounts of wasted time as really bad...

The mechanical response of cells is a powerful biophysical marker for cell state. Information on a cell’s elasticity can, for instance, be used to distinguish between different cell phenotypes, or between healthy and diseased cells. Depending on the application, either the accuracy or the speed at which cell properties can be accessed is more important. However, it is still difficult, as of thi...