Hormone replacement therapy by pellet implantations has been used with great success in the United States, Europe and Australia since 1938 and found to be superior to other methods of hormone delivery (Greenblatt 49, Mishnell 41, Cantril 84, Stancyzyk 88). It is not experimental. Pellets deliver consistent, physiologic levels of hormones and avoid the fluctuations of hormone levels seen with ot...

Aerosol therapy with a variety of drugs is superior to oral and, except perhaps in status asthmaticus, parenteral therapy. An understanding of aerosol physics and the physiologic characteristics relating to ventilation allows optimum aerosol delivery for maximum benefit in the majority of patients. In those patients who are unable to use metered-dose inhalers effectively, simple inhalation devi...

Targeted delivery of drugs and sensors into cells is an attractive technology with both medical and scientific applications. Existing delivery vehicles are generally limited by the complexity of their design, dependence on active transport, and inability to function within cellular compartments. Here, we developed self-assembled nanofibrous hydrogel fibers using a biologically inert, low-molecu...

Originally, the puerperium was defined as the period of confinement during and just after birth; it is now generally accepted to mean the 6 weeks after delivery. The puerperium has also been referred to as “the fourth trimester.” This period is marked by multiple physiologic changes (Table 123.1) as the woman returns to the prepregnant state, including healing physically from any trauma during ...

Delivery of infants who are physiologically mature and capable of successful transition to the extrauterine environment is an important priority for obstetric practitioner. A corollary of this goal is to avoid iatrogenic complications of prematurity and maternal complications from delivery. The purpose of this review is to describe the consequences of birth before physiologic maturity in late p...

camera, and x-ray tube (partially hidden below table), attached to a floor-mounted parallelogram gantry to allow complex angulation; (2) lateral plane image chain attached to a ceiling-suspended gantry that can be moved into place when biplane imaging is desired; (3) and (4) television monitors for AP and lateral image chains; (5) movable radiation shield to protect operators from scatter dose ...

Cardiovascular failure or shock, of any etiology, is characterized by ineffective perfusion of body tissues, inducing derangements in the balance between oxygen delivery and consumption. Impairment in oxygen availability on the cellular level causes a shift to anaerobic metabolism, with an increase in lactate and hydrogen ion production that leads to lactic acidosis. The degree of hyperlactatem...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A reversible decrease in brain size has been demonstrated during normal pregnancy that is maximal at term and returns to normal after many months. The purpose of this longitudinal study was to use phosphorus-31 MR spectroscopy to determine if metabolic changes explain this physiologic event. METHODS Pregnant women (n = 12) were examined at term and up to 6 months after ...

Truncus arteriosus (TA) is defined as a congenital cardiovascular malformation in which one great artery arises from the base of heart and gives origin to pulmonary systemic arteries. TA patients who become pregnant have high morbidity mortality rates because physiologic changes during pregnancy can worsen cardiopulmonary balance causing decompensation. In this case report we successful general...