Introduction: Because of small size of the beamlets in IMRT, physical penumbra is one of the important dosimetric parameters and small changes in the penumbra will have a great impact on the results. The physical penumbra width is defined as the lateral distance between two specified isodose curves at a specified depth of phantom. In this study, after demonstrating the inconsi...

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The application of the cloud model to measurements of the contrast as a function of wavelength in the Hα line has recently enabled us to derive numerical values for various parameters (such as velocity, source function, Doppler width and optical depth) of dark mottles observed near the center of the solar disk. The values of these parameters are used together with the calculations of Poland et ...

The Standard Model has a unique ground state (modulo SU(2)L rotations) and the 19 parameters of the model are uniquely fixed. However, when considering theories beyond the Standard Model, we have no evidence that this uniqueness will be preserved. In particular, string theory has continuous families of ground states, each with different values of the physical parameters, and we presently do not...

This paper presents a physical model-based method for recovering and tracking nonrigid motion of elastic objects. The proposed method recovers the motion in terms of actual physical parameters (Young’s modulus) that characterize the dynamics of the objects. The tracking scheme synthesizes the motion of the points inside the object from the boundary observations, constrained by the physical para...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of excess weight, including overweight and obesity, is increasing with a high cost on health in society. METHODS Consecutive cases with excess weight, aged between 50 and 70 years and desiring weight loss, were divided into two subgroups according to wishes of patients about whether they prefer medication or just a diet. Metformin at a daily dose of 2,550 mg was give...

Audio-rate modulation of the parameters of physical models is investigated. For example, the resonance frequency of a simple resonator can be modulated smoothly at an audio rate to produce a brighter tone. As with traditional frequency modulation (FM) signal models, complex spectra can be produced through variation of the resonator’s frequency. It is possible to create such hybrid physical/sign...

This paper provides an overview of Advanced Long Term Evolution (Advanced-LTE) telecommunication network and investigates system performance against variations in system parameters trying to reach the parameter values that give best system performance. [Salwa M. Serag Eldin. LTE-Advanced Physical Layer Optimum Performance Parameters. J Am Sci 2012; 8(8):332-337]. (ISSN: 1545-1003). http://www.j...