The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA and the intervening 5.8S rRNA gene for the powdery mildew fungi Erysiphe (sect. Microsphaera) pulchra and Phyllactinia guttata were amplified using standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocols and the universal primer pairs, ITS1 and ITS4. PCR products for ITS were analysed by electrophoresis in a 1.5% agarose gel and sequenced. The si...

The article presents the results of long-term research ravine oak forests Rostov region.The term ‘bayrack’ (ravine) forest is associated with growing this type on slopes ravines in forest-steppe zone. conducted ecological and floral classification showed a high syntaxonomic diversity region. Forest communities are represented by 6 associations: Scorzonero ensifoliae–Quercetum Sokolova ex Semeni...

We describe the biology and life stages of the birch bark beetle, Dryocoetes betulae Hopkins, and report its second knownoccurrence in Idaho.One annual generationwas observedwith broods overwintering as larvae and sexually immature adults. The species is polygamous with a ratio of 1.8 females per male. Two females (rarely three) joined a male after he entered the bark, and each female created a...

Two Phyllactinia species have been associated with powdery mildew on leaves of ash trees (Fraxinus) in Eurasia, fraxinicola U. Braun & H.D. Shin from Southeast Asia and fraxini (DC.) Fuss Europe. Non-native are planted urban greeneries both Europe Asia, but so far, the two not reported same area. Our molecular analysis European material consisting 55 specimens 15 countries confirmed absence...

Aims : To develop a syntaxonomic classification of the xero-mesophytic broad-leaved oak forests Republic Tatarstan with preliminary analysis their unique ecological features. Study area The (European part Russian Federation). Methods A total 91 relevés were processed. Most them (73.6%) sampled in during 2016 and 2017, remaining ones (26.4%) historical published data. They classified by means mo...