The immobilization of microorganisms on ultrafiltration membranes made from polyacrylonitrile modified chemically with hydrazine hydrate and glutaraldehyde and their application to the biodegradation of phenol and cyanide contained in industrial wastewaters was examined. Three types of microorganism isolated from a mixed population of activated sludge adapted to phenol and cyanide decomposition...

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The effects of six phenolic compounds (o-, m-, and p-cresol and 2-, 3-, and 4-ethylphenol) on the anaerobic biodegradation of phenol was examined in batch methanogenic cultures. Results showed that ethylphenols were more inhibitory of phenol degradation than were cresols. The inhibitory effects of the three isomers of cresol and ethylphenol did not vary with the isomer but rather with the subst...

Phenol biodegradation using acclimated activated sludge was investigated in batch and fedbatch cultures with variable initial concentrations of phenol and biomass. The batch experimental data show a cell growth after phenol exhaustion, making the use of a conventional Haldane model, for which specific growth rate μ = 0 when substrate S = 0, inadequate to describe biomass growth profiles. On the...

As in many other microorganisms, the growth rate of C. tropicalis is affected by phenol. Besides, when the yeast is aerobically cultivated in a medium containing phenol, using a bubble column, the yeast cell flotation phenomenon occurs, which makes the continuous operation of this type of reactor difficult. Therefore, a system of phenol degradation, which recycles the biomass separated by flota...

Abstract Industrial effluents containing appreciable amounts of phenol and formalin may represent a problem when these effluents undergoing biological treatment. Experience in field of biological treatment for wastewater contains high concentrations of formalin showed high inhibition effect of formalin to biodegradation, specifically at higher concentrations more than 225 mg/L [3]. Also, as phe...

Biodegradation is generally recognised as an important removal mechanism for pollutants in natural ecosystems. It determines the concentration of substances in the environment. According to the legislation of the European Union, there are three levels for biodegradability testing protocols for chemicals which cover different test conditions. This paper describes one such multilevel approach to ...

---The goal of this research was to assess the biodegradability of two synthetic tanning agents (syntans), Phenol condensation product and Nitrogen containing resin using Respirometry. The evaluation involved the analysis of oxygen uptake rate (OUR), profiles by respirometry. The study was conducted with different syntan concentrations of 50mg/L, 100mg/L, 150mg/L and 200mg/L. The oxygen uptake ...

A whole-cell recombinant bacterial sensor for the detection of phenolic compounds was constructed and used for the analysis of bioavailable phenols in natural samples. The sensor Pseudomonas fluorescens OS8(pDNdmpRlux) contains luxCDABE operon as a reporter under the control of phenol-inducible Po promoter from Pseudomonas sp. CF600. Expression of lux genes from the Po promoter, and thus the pr...

The biodegradation of phenol in laboratory-contaminated soil was investigated using the Gram-positive soil bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum. This study showed that the phenol degradation caused by C. glutamicum was greatly enhanced by the addition of 1% yeast extract. From the toxicity test using Daphnia magna, the soil did not exhibit any hazardous effects after the phenol was removed usin...