Pharmacokinetic parameters of cefaclor were studied in eight patients after an oral dose of 250 mg. Serum samples were obtained before and on 19 occasions after oral administration. Cefaclor serum concentrations were determined by a new high-performance liquid chromatographic technique.

The immediate efficacies of two oral dosage regimens of artemisinin were investigated in 77 male and female adult Vietnamese falciparum malaria patients randomly assigned to treatment with either 500 mg of artemisinin daily for 5 days (group A; n = 40) or artemisinin at a dose of 100 mg per day for 2 days, with the dose increased to 250 mg per day for 2 consecutive days and with a final dose of...

Deoxypodophyllotoxin (DPT) is a potential anti-tumor candidate prior to its clinical phase. The aim of the study was to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model consisting of 13 tissue compartments to predict DPT disposition in mouse, rat, monkey, and dog based on in vitro and in silico inputs. Since large interspecies difference was found in unbound fraction of DPT in plasm...

The pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin and its 14-(R)-hydroxylated metabolite were studied on two separate occasions after nasogastric administration of 500 mg of a clarithromycin suspension to 16 seriously ill adults in an intensive care unit. The clarithromycin suspension appeared to be adequately absorbed, and the pharmacokinetics of neither clarithromycin nor 14-(R)-hydroxyclarithromycin di...

The optimization of pharmacokinetic properties remains one of the most challenging aspects of drug design. Key parameters, clearance and volume of distribution, are multifactorial, which makes deriving structure-pharmacokinetic relationships difficult. The correction of clearance and volume of distribution for the unbound fraction in plasma is one approach taken that has enabled quantitative st...

The pharmacokinetics of 2,000 mg of sulfadiazine administered twice daily (BID) versus those of 1,000 mg administered four times a day were compared in eight human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. No differences in pharmacokinetic parameters were detected between the regimens. These data provide a pharmacokinetic rationale for BID dosing of sulfadiazine for the treatment and suppressio...

The functionality of the correction factors, maximum life-span potential (MLP), and brain weight (BrW) used in allometry is mathematically described. Correction by MLP or BrW is equivalent to a multiplication of some constants by the predicted values in humans from simple allometry, but they have no relationship to measured pharmacokinetic parameters in the animal species. The values of these c...

BACKGROUND Estimation of pharmacokinetic parameters after intermittent intravenous infusion (III) of antibiotics, such as aminoglycosides or vancomycin, has traditionally been a difficult subject for students in clinical pharmacology or pharmacokinetic courses. Additionally, samples taken at different intervals during repeated dose therapy require manipulation of sampling times before accurate ...

The aim of this study was to characterize the effect of typhoid fever on pharmacokinetic parameters of levofloxacin (LF) and compare the pharmacokinetic parameters of the said antibiotic in healthy human volunteers and patients with typhoid fever. Total of 12 subjects were divided into two groups “A” (healthy volunteers) and “B” (typhoid patients). Single oral dose of LF 500 mg was given and 5 ...

the aim of this study was to characterize the effect of typhoid fever on pharmacokinetic parameters of levofloxacin (lf) and compare the pharmacokinetic parameters of the said antibiotic in healthy human volunteers and patients with typhoid fever. total of 12 subjects were divided into two groups “a” (healthy volunteers) and “b” (typhoid patients). single oral dose of lf 500 mg was given and 5 ...