The rate of uptake and intracellular processing of ligand-directed drug carriers may depend heavily on the endocytic pathway of the target antigen. We examined the role of the target antigen and type of antibody-liposome linkage in determining endocytosis of liposomes by three human T-cell leukemias, Jurkat, CEM, and Molt-4. Liposome-cell binding and internalization over time were studied using...

Previous studies have shown that bacteriophage lambda initially binds to liposomes bearing its receptor protein by the tip of the tail fiber (type 1 complex). It then associates more directly so that the hollow tail tube is in direct contact with the membrane (type 2 complex). DNA can be injected across the lipid bilayer into the liposome from type 2 complexes. We show here that gpJ, the tail f...

Effective immunity to many infectious agents, particularly viruses, requires a CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response. Understanding how to achieve CTL induction with soluble proteins is important for vaccine development since such antigens are usually not processed appropriately to induce CTL. In the present report, we have demonstrated that a potent primary CTL response against a soluble ...

It is not known how membrane fusion proteins that function at neutral pH, for example the human immunodeficiency virus envelope (Env) glycoprotein and intracellular fusion machines, are activated for target bilayer binding. We have addressed this question using a soluble oligomeric form of an avian retroviral Env glycoprotein (API) and soluble forms of its receptor. Binding of soluble receptor ...

The possibility of using glycol chitosan to obtain stabilized liposome containers for doxorubicin delivery is demonstrated. The dissociation constants of the liposome complexes with glycol chitosan (3.4 × 10–4 and 1.10 × 10–5 depending on the aggregation state of the liposomes) are determined. It is shown that the formation of liposome complexes with glycol chitosan has a significant prolongati...