Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a well-known inflammatory mediator that enhances the excitability of DRG neurons. Homomeric P2X3 and heteromeric P2X2/3 receptors are abundantly expressed in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons and participate in the transmission of nociceptive signals. The interaction between PGE2 and P2X3 receptors has not been well delineated. We studied the actions of PGE2 on ATP-ac...

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has been implicated in cell invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), via increased β1-integrin expression and cell migration; however, the mechanism remains unclear. PGE2 exerts its effects via four subtypes of the E prostanoid receptor (EP receptor 1-4). The present study investigated the effect of EP1 receptor activation on β1-integrin expression and cell migration ...

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is the principal mediator of fever and inflammation. Recently, evidence emerged that during febrile response, PGE2 that is generated in the periphery enters the hypothalamus and contributes to the maintenance of fever. In a rat model of fever generation, peripheral PGE2 is increased, whereas clearance by metabolism of peripheral PGE2 is downregulated. The major route of ...

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is an endogenous hormone of adrenal zona glomerulosa cells and is released in response to stimulation by agonists such as angiotensin II (Ang II). It stimulates the release of aldosterone from cultured bovine adrenal zona glomerulosa cells. These studies were designed to determine whether this steroidogenic effect of PGE2 was mediated by an EP1, EP2, or EP3 receptor. Pro...

After synthesis and release from cells, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) undergoes reuptake by the prostaglandin transporter (PGT), followed by cytoplasmic oxidation. Although genetic inactivation of PGT in mice and humans results in distinctive phenotypes, and although experiments in localized environments show that manipulating PGT alters downstream cellular events, a direct mechanistic link between P...

Prostaglandin E2 has been implicated in cell growth and metastasis in many types of cancers. However, the effects of PGE2 and its mechanism on cell adhesion, migration, and invasion have not been clarified yet. In this study, we found PGE2 treatment significantly increased the cell adhesion, migration, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. In addition, the effects of PGE2 were f...

The relationship between bradykinin (BK)-induced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and cyclic AMP syntheses in mouse fibrosarcoma cells (HSDM1C1) was investigated. Maximal BK-induced increases in cyclic AMP preceded increases in PGE2 production. PGE2 synthesis reached maximum at a much lower concentration of BK than cyclic AMP synthesis. Indomethacin completely inhibited BK-induced PGE2 production, but d...

The renal effects of angiotensin II(AII) are attributed to AT1 receptors. In contrast, the function of renal AT2 receptors in unknown. Using a microdialysis technique, we monitored changes in renal interstitial fluid (RIF) prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and cyclic guanosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cGMP) in response to dietary sodium (Na) depletion alone, or Na depletion or normal Na diet combined with t...

Proteinase-activated receptor (PAR) is expressed on various cells, and the PAR family consists of PAR1, PAR2, PAR3, and PAR4. Individual PARs are activated during inflammatory conditions in which they regulate inflammatory responses in various diseases. For example, PAR activation is known to induce prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, and then upregulated PGE2 suppresses PAR1 expression in a ne...