we live in a world,that is based on these conflicts! this is contrary to the broad meaning of the rituals of ancient persia, even though in zoroastrianism this conflict(spenta mino and ankrah mino) have established the creations .lion and bull dispute, one of the oldest iranian art motifs are used. the authors choose the baisonghor’s kalila wa dimna and the scene at persepolis:killing the bull ...

in great achaemenian empire different writings and languages have been used in diverse areas of the achaemenian dominion for doing administrative-economic activities in administrative system. persepolis fortification archive in the empire’s center, belonging to the 13 to 28 years of darius the great’ reign, can be distinguished as the greatest and most important achaemenid multilingual administ...

The study of pottery can be used to provide insight into past cultures. Pottery is ubiquitous on archaeological sites in the Near East and because of its durability; fragments often survive longer than artifacts made from less-durable materials. This study addresses the use of pottery to answer the question: Were Mesopotamia and Elam trading partners from 3000 to 2500 B.C.? Located in present d...

elamite documents, and evidence of elamite writing in general, are rare from this period. however from susa under the sukkalmah period, there are some 550 legal documents in akkadian in various legal subjects, like sale, lease, and judicial procedures; this provides the historian with a unique opportunity fir the study of elamite legal and social institutions. the present essay will edit and tr...

Background. The brand equity is raised as one key subject in founding the value creation for the brand. Nowadays, the sports managers are searching for creating a very powerful brand and favorable for their own organizations obtaining one long term and highlighting the consumers’ athletic experiences and the continuous relationship with them. Objectives. The purpose of this study was to focus ...