The reflection of a normally incident wideband pulse by a half– space whose permittivity and permeability obey the one–resonance Lorentz model is calculated. The results are compared with those from frequency–domain reflection analysis. In the spectral regime wherein the real parts of the permittivity and the permeability are negative, as well as in small adjacent neighborhoods of that regime, ...

A case is made for the existence of permeability of current sheets in electromagnetic pulsed plasma thrusters. Permeability refers to the leakage of plasma or neutral particles behind the sheet and could cause a significant effect on the performance of the thruster. Analytical calculations are presented which demonstrate the mismatch between experimental velocity profiles and theoretical snowpl...

This paper presents a novel approach to assessing textile porosity by the application of the image analysis techniques. The images of different types of sample fabrics, taken through a microscope when the fabric is placed over a constant light source, transfer the problem into the image analysis domain. Indeed, porosity can thus be expressed in terms of a brightness percentage index calculated ...

The effect on alveolar-capillary barrier permeability of chronic exposure to a smoke produced by the partial combusion of diesel oil, paraffin, and wood was examined. An index of permeability was determined from the rate of transfer from the lung into the blood of the hydrophilic, labelled chelate 99mTc diethylene triamine penta-acetate (MW 492 dalton). The results of this test were expressed a...

The lactulose/L-rhamnose urinary excretion ratio during continued infusion of milks containing both sugars was used as an index of the permeability of the neonatal bowel to large and small molecules. Healthy infants of gestational age 31-36 weeks proved to have a period of enhanced permeability to lactulose during the first week of life, the lactulose/L-rhamnose excretion ratio being significan...

We investigate the transmission and reflection properties at the interfaces between the lossy positive-index materials (PIM) and negative-index materials (NIM) with graded permittivity and permeability. We present an exact analytical solution to Helmholtz’ equation for the oblique incidence on profile with the graded real parts of permittivity and permeability profile changing according to a hy...

The lactulose/L-rhamnose urinary excretion ratio during continued infusion of milks containing both sugars was used as an index of the permeability of the neonatal bowel to large and small molecules. Healthy infants of gestational age 31-36 weeks proved to have a period of enhanced permeability to lactulose during the first week of life, the lactulose/L-rhamnose excretion ratio being significan...

Metamaterials are artificially structured materials that can produce innovative optical functionalities such as negative refractive index, invisibility cloaking, and super-resolution imaging. Combining metamaterials with semiconductors enables us to develop novel optoelectronic devices based on the new concept of operation. Here we report the first experimental demonstration of a permeability-c...

Permeability is a very important engineering property of soils and finds utility in a number of soil engineering problems such as yield of wells and seepage through and below the earth structures. It controls the hydraulic stability of soil masses. The permeability of soils is also required in the design of filters required to prevent piping in hydraulic structures. However, the determination o...

In the presence of a strong external field, the vacuum reacts, becoming magnetized and polarized. The index of refraction, magnetic permeability, and dielectric constant of the vacuum are straightforward to calculate using quantum electrodynamic one-loop corrections [1–6]. In this paper, we calculate the magnetic permeability and dielectric tensors of an external electric or magnetic field of a...