The genital region of juvenile and adult halacarid genera is described. Larvae are expected to be present in all, protonymphs at least in the majority of the genera. Two of the marine genera have three nymphal instars, in the others one or two nymphal instars are suppressed. Adults of marine species have one, two or three pairs of genital acetabula; intrageneric differences in the number of ace...

We investigated the effects of eight temperatures (22.5, 25.0, 27.5, 30.0, 32.5, 35.0, 37.5, and 40.0 degrees C) and four relative humidities (43, 55, 63, and 75%) on population growth and development of the psocid Liposcelis rufa Broadhead (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae). L. rufa did not survive at 43% RH, at all temperatures tested; at 55% RH, at the highest four temperatures; and at 63% RH and ...

The effects of nine temperatures (22.5, 25.0, 27.5, 30.0, 32.5, 35.0, 37.5, 40.0, and 42.5 °C) four relative humidities (RHs; 43, 55, 63, 75%) on the population growth development parthenogenetic Liposcelis obscura Broadhead (Psocodea: Liposcelididae) were investigated in laboratory studies. Results showed that L. did not survive at 43% RH all tested. At 55% RH, survived 22.5, 25, 27.5 °C; none...

during 1997-1998, five different doses of emulsifiable mayonnaise oil (1 , 1.5 , 2 , 2.5 and 3 percents) and a control in three replications were tested against nymphal stages of olive psylla (euphyuura olivina) in late april (a few days before blooming) in a complete randomized block design. population densities of nymphal stages of pest were counted one day before and five days after oil appl...

This study was carried out to determine the effects of crude terpenoid compound extracts Melia azedarach L. leaves and fruits on some biological aspects whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) under laboratory conditions 25 ± 2°C relative humidity 65-70%. The results indicated a significant effect eggs immature stages when treated with 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 mg/ml fruits. mortality rate increased concentration...

Adults and nymphs of Empoasca fabae Harris (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and adults of predatory species in the families Coccinellidae, Anthocoridae, Nabidae, Chrysopidae, and Hemerobiidae were sampled in Iowa alfalfa fields from June to September in 1999 and 2000. The relationship between each predatory taxa and E. fabae was examined using regression analysis. In 2000, all predators were found to ...

The coconut bug, Pseudotheraptus wayi Brown (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Coreidae), is a serious pest of a number of crops in Eastern and Southern Africa. Both adults and nymphal stages are destructive because they suck sap from their hosts. The identity of the pest is currently based exclusively on the description of adults. This paper describes eggs and instars of P. wayi, with the goal to enhanc...

The current study investigated the biology of nymphs of the first and second instars of Argas (Persicargas) miniatus. Nymphs were deprived of food for 15, 30 or 60 days and held at 27 ± 1 °C and 80 ± 10% relative humidity (controlled conditions) or at room conditions of temperature and relative humidity. Nymphs of first instar deprived of food for 15 or 30 days molted to second and third instar...

The cicada Meimuna mongolica (Distant) (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) is one of the most important pests of economic forest in Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi Province, China. Information about ecological characteristics and some sustainable control measures of this species is urgently required for its control. In this study, nymphal instars, morphological variation, vertical distribution, and population de...