Retained intraocular graphite foreign bodies are uncommon. Although they are generally inert, they have been reported to cause severe inflammatory reaction and progressive damage to intraocular structures. We report a case of a six-year-old girl with a retained intraocular graphite pencil lead foreign body in the anterior chamber of the eye and discuss the various considerations in the manageme...

The nature and composition of the surface of pyrolytic graphite and the consequent possible effects, when the material is used as an electrode. are considered on the basis of the structure of the graphite and of the handling and/or treatment to which the electrodes may have been exposed. Because of the relatively limited studies on pyrolytic graphite, certain aspects of the behavior of other ty...

In this study, pencil graphite electrode was modified using conductive polypyrrole (Ppy) and grapheme (GF) nanocomposite for electrochemical determination of insulin. Electrochemical behavior of insulin on PGE was investigated using cyclic voltammetric (CV) and differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) and chronoaprometry (CA) methods. Several effective parameters including pH, concentration, and s...

Electrochemical studies of laccases from basidiomycetes, i.e., Trametes hirsuta, Trametes ochracea, Coriolopsis fulvocinerea, Cerrena maxima, and Cerrena unicolor, have been performed. Direct (mediatorless) electrochemistry of laccases on graphite electrodes has been investigated with cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry as well as potentiometry. For all mentioned high potential laccases...

A new simple, cheap, and rapid method to increase the sensitivity of pencil graphite electrode (PGE) determine Linagliptin (LNG) was developed by modified PGE with copper microparticles (Cu-PGE). The disposable sensor electrode's preparation depended on electrodeposition Cu-microparticles that can be applied for determined LNG complexed it Cu+2 ions measure LNG-Cu complex onto Cu-PGE improved. ...

The performance of glassy carbon (GCE) and graphite pencil electrodes (PGE) modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are compared, based on the direct electrochemical detection of nucleic acids. This is accomplished by monitoring the differential pulse voltammetry changes of the guanine signal. CNT-modified PGE compares favorably to that of the commonly used CNT-modified GCE owing to t...

Potentiometric sensor based on commercial pencil graphite electrodes coated with polyaniline (PAni) composite with Eosin Y (EY) termed as PGE/PAni-EY have been developed for potentiometric determination of silver ion. The electrode exhibited linear response with Nernstian slope of 57.6±0.8 mV per decade within the range of 1.0×10 to 1.0×10 M with limit of detection 6.5×10 M silver ion. Fast and...

In this paper we present a blender and eraser model that extends our graphite pencil and paper model. This blender and eraser model enhances the rendering results producing realistic looking graphite pencil tones and textures. Our model is based on observations on the absorptive and dispersive properties of blenders and erasers interacting with lead material deposited over drawing paper. The pa...

Two-dimensional (2D) materials are widely used in various applications due to their extraordinary properties. In particular, electrochemical stability, low electrical resistance, and huge specific surface area make them very interesting active for supercapacitors. Herein, flexible, biodegradable, low-cost supercapacitors introduced a simple way based on hand-drawing pencil traces or -rubbing mo...