Bisphenol A (BPA), which is an endocrine-disrupting substance, often utilized as beverage and food packing material, it may accumulate in nutrition water sources, why important to monitor. In this study, for the determination of bisphenol A, electro-polymerization glutamic acid (GA) was performed on a pencil graphite electrode (PGE). The performance sensor (PGA/PGE) determining examined utilizi...

Electro analysis of 2-Aminothiazole (2-AT) by a low cost poly Glycine modified Pencil Graphite Electrode (poly Gly/PGE) was studied using of cyclic voltammetric (CV) and differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) techniques. The optimal experimental conditions to determine 2-AT was setup by the variation of the current with scan rate, concentration and pH. Electrochemical performance of the 2-AT at ...

This paper presents models for graphite pencil, drawing paper, blenders, and kneaded eraser that produce realistic looking pencil marks, textures, and tones. Our models are based on an observation of how lead pencils interact with drawing paper, and on the absorptive and dispersive properties of blenders and erasers interacting with lead material deposited over drawing paper. The models conside...

A pencil graphite electrode modified with poly (bromocresol green (BCG)) was prepared by electro-polymerization process for the determination of pantoprazole sodium. The surface morphology and structure of poly (BCG) film were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The determination of pantoprazole sodium in Britton-Robinson buffer (pH 7.0) wa...

The immobilization and differential pulse anodic voltammetry (DPAV) of a 20-mer oligonucleotide related to the human interleukine-2 (hIL-2) using renewable pencil graphite electrode (PGE) is described. The influences of electrochemical pretreatment of PGE on the ability of the electrode in hIL-2 adsorption, and conditions of hiIL-2 immobilization on PGE including immobilization potential and ti...