The evidence for successful postwar democratic transitions is not encouraging: since 1989, the international community has launched 19 major peacebuilding operations. These operations were reasonably successful in securing peace, but much less successful in establishing a democratic regime. Five years after the operations began, only two countries qualified as liberal democracy; also, no recent...

This article will introduce the ‘perpetual peacebuilding’ paradigm. Academics and policy-makers have accepted that linearity of liberal peace neither reflects, nor should it drive, tumult peacebuilding. Nevertheless, practitioners made merely cosmetic changes to their approaches. Within perpetual peacebuilding paradigm, is envisioned as an ever-developing process manifested in a series (re-)neg...

Abstract The question of ownership—that is, who is included and excluded from policy processes—has become one the most pressing issues in global discourse on peace conflict. While research shows that inclusion domestic actors critical to success, broader international processes often neglect these actors. Focused environmental peacebuilding—the sustainable management natural resources post-conf...

Global experience with sustainable peacebuilding has been diverse since the term was formally introduced to world by United Nations in 1992. Since then, implemented absence of a universally accepted approach or clear criteria for success. Multiple actors have conceptualized and correspond their contexts needs. This is true Kenya Mombasa County, particular. Sub-County Peacebuilding Committees co...

This is a literature-reviewing and conceptualizing article introducing Special Issue that addressing the broad field of ‘peacebuilding amidst violence’. We take as point departure peacebuilding (as we know it) widely failing to deliver on its promises. Moreover, atypical nature persistence violence in post-war phases are further undermining prospect linear transition from war peace typically ex...

FriEnt is a Working Group of: Center for International Peace Operations (ZIF) | Church Development Service (EED) | Civil Peace Service Group | Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH | Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) | Friedrich Ebert Stiftung (FES) | Heinrich-Böll-Foundation (hbs) | Misereor/Catholic Central Agency for Development Aid ...