BACKGROUND The formation of glucose degradation products (GDPs) and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) partly contribute to the bioincompatibility of peritoneal dialysis fluids (PDF). Aminoguanidine (AG) scavenges GDPs and prevents the formation of AGEs. METHODS In a peritoneal dialysis (PD) rat model, we evaluated the effects of the addition of AG to the PDF on microcircu...

Irradiance fluctuations of an infrared laser beam from a shore-to-ship data link ranging from 5.1 to 17.8 km are compared to lognormal (LN), gamma-gamma (GG) with aperture averaging, and gamma-Laguerre (GL) distributions. From our data analysis, the LN and GG probability density function (PDF) models were generally in good agreement in near-weak to moderate fluctuations. This was also true in m...

A scalar probability density function (PDF) method considering a detailed chemical kinetics is applied to a diluted hydrogen turbulent jet nonpremixed flame to evaluate the performance. The flame is formed on a nozzle of an inner diameter of D=6mm, with a fuel exit velocity of 30m/s, surrounded by two annular pipes issuing airs of higher and lower velocities of 30m/s and 3m/s, respectively. The...

We consider the finite extensible nonlinear elasticity (FENE) dumbbell model in viscoelastic polymeric fluids. We employ the maximum entropy principle for FENE model to obtain the solution which maximizes the entropy of FENE model in stationary situations. Then we approximate the maximum entropy solution using the second order terms in microscopic configuration field to get an probability densi...

Non-linear phenomena can often be described using probability density functions (pdf) and pdf transport models. Traditionally the simulation of pdf transport requires MonteCarlo codes based on Lagrangian “particles” or prescribed pdf assumptions including binning techniques. Recently, in the field of combustion, a novel formulation called the stochastic-field method solving pdf transport based ...

Title Type precision motion control design and implementation advances in industrial control PDF model predictive control system design and implementation using matlabï¿1⁄2 advances in industrial control PDF process control performance assessment from theory to implementation advances in industrial control PDF h aerospace control design a vstol flight application advances in industrial control ...

Numerical evidence of nondiffusive transport in three-dimensional, resistive pressure-gradient-driven plasma turbulence is presented. It is shown that the probability density function (pdf) of tracer particles' radial displacements is strongly non-Gaussian and exhibits algebraic decaying tails. To model these results we propose a macroscopic transport model for the pdf based on the use of fract...

Ocean wave propagation causes random change in an ocean surface slope and in turn affects the underwater bomb trajectory deviation r through a water column. This trajectory deviation is crucial for the clearance of obstacles such as sea mines or a maritime improvised explosive device in coastal oceans using bombs. A nonlinear six degrees of freedom (6DOF) model has been recently developed and v...

Contents: Introduction. 1. The basic Gaussian Hidden Markov model. — 2. Some joint probability density functions of the process.-2.1. The joint pdf of (Y 1 , ..., Y T).-2.2. The joint pdf of the observations and one state of the Markov chain.-2.3. The joint pdf of the observations and two consecutive states of the Markov chain. — 3.

The determination of the probability distribution function (PDF) of uncertain input and model parameters in engineering application codes is an issue of importance for uncertainty quantification methods. One of the approaches that can be used for the PDF determination of input and model parameters is the application of methods based on the maximum entropy principle (MEP) and the maximum relativ...