PURPOSE To determine the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of transcranial color-coded duplex sonographic (TCCD) evaluation of cross flow through the anterior (ACoA) and posterior (PCoA) communicating arteries in patients with occlusive cerebrovascular disease. METHODS We studied prospectively 132 patients (37 women, 95 men; mean age, 60 years) with stenose...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to assess whether the direction of flow via the circle of Willis (CoW) changed after stenting for severe internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. METHODS 65 patients (38 men, mean age 63.2 +/- 8.4 years, range 44-82) with a symptomatic ICA occlusion were investigated. Magnetic resonance angiography was performed prior to and 1 week af...

The variations knowledge of the cerebral arterial circle (CAC) is relevant due to its influence on development ischemic encephalic disorders. Among these variations, when external diameter posterior communicating artery exceeds caliber, we have a fetal conformation this circle. aim study was describe CAC in Chilean individuals and know type conformation. Thirty adult brains were used measure le...

The R package ESTHER implements two novel algorithms designed to dispose in a reduced space multidimensional objects defined by binary descriptors. The approach is to assign discrete and fix positions to all possible combinations obtained with the descriptors employed. One of the two algorithms, called clock, position objects on a circle at regular intervals, whereas the other, star, maintains ...

BACKGROUND The variations of the circle of Willis (CW) are clinically important as patients with effective collateral circulations have a lower risk of transient ischemic attack and stroke than those with ineffective collaterals. The aim of the present cadaveric study was to investigate the anatomical variations of the CW and to compare the frequency of prevalence of the different variations wi...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The anterior communicating artery (AcoA) and posterior communicating arteries (PcoA) of the circle of Willis provide the main route for collateral blood flow in cases of carotid artery obstruction. Transcranial color-coded duplex ultrasonography (TCCD) allows real-time measurement of the collateral function of the AcoA and PcoA. The primary objective of this study was to ...

INTRODUCTION The forming of the blood vessels network configuration at the base of the brain and interconnecting of blood vessels during the embryogenesis is directly related to the phylogenetic development of the brain and brain structures. A blood vessel configuration at the brain base, in the form of a ring or a hexagon, stands in direct relation to the perfusion needs of certain parts of th...

Recent reports have suggested that the gut microbiota is involved in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). The composition of gut microbiota in CRC precursors has not been adequately described. To characterize the structure of adherent microbiota in this disease, we conducted pyrosequencing-based analysis of 16S rRNA genes to determine the bacterial profile of normal colons (healthy contr...

Poor oral health has been linked with an increased risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We investigated whether alteration of oral microbiota is associated with ESCC risk. Fasting saliva samples were collected from 87 incident and histopathologicallly diagnosed ESCC cases, 63 subjects with dysplasia and 85 healthy controls. All subjects were also interviewed with a questionnaire. ...

Stent assisted coiling (SAC) is a useful technique for the treatment of wide necked complex aneurysm. As the frequency of SAC increases, stent-related complications such as thromboembolism, aneurysm rupture, and vessel rupture have been reported. However, to the best of our knowledge, carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) after SAC has never been reported. The authors experienced a case of direct CCF...