in this paper technology policy of india which has evolved over the years have been introduced as following: firstly, it is selective and seeks to protect local technology. secondly, it seeks to reduce to direct costs and individual costs of technology imports by regulating the royalty rates, other payments, the duration and restrictive clauses. thirdly, it discourages technology imports throug...

BACKGROUND The paper presents evidence about the distribution of the benefits of public expenditures on a subset of priority public health services that are supposed to be provided free of charge in the public sector, using the framework of benefit incidence analysis. METHODS The study took place in 2 rural and 2 urban Local Government Areas from Enugu and Anambra states, southeast Nigeria. A...

agribusinesses, especially agricultural industries play important role as driving force for agricultural growth. however, these industries have not experienced appropriate growth and have not derived agricultural development, particularly through providing more remunerative markets for small farmers. the main purpose of this qualitative study was to achieve a deep understanding about obstacles ...

While the US experienced a remarkable economic expansion throughout the 1990s, not all regions and not all industries benefited. Over the decade, traditional sectors continued to decline, while growth in the serviceand technology-based sectors that make up the “new economy” helped fuel the boom. For many, the transformation to a knowledge-based economy has heightened concerns that rural areas w...

In the context of national scrutiny on graduate medical education (GME) from both the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission and the Joint Select Committee on Deficit Reduction, Xierali et al, bring our attention to the ongoing needs of rural underserved communities and the potential role of critical access hospitals (CAHs) in training the rural physician workforce. Their analysis demonstrates th...

a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: Payment-for-ecosystem-service Family structure Sustainable livelihood Wage-labor supply This research introduces family composition into the sustainable livelihoods framework for policy analysis. We apply this approach to a case study on the Grain for Green Program in western China. Using recent survey data from Zhouzhi County, we show that the impact of the poli...

BACKGROUND Health spending by the Chinese government has declined and traditional social health insurance collapsed after economic reforms in the early 1980s; accordingly, the low-income population is exposed to potentially significant healthcare costs. Financing an equitable healthcare system represents a major policy objective in China's current healthcare reform efforts. The current research...