نتایج جستجو برای: parties
تعداد نتایج: 28754 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
selon les pédagogues, la culture étant un élément très important dans le processus de lapprentissage de langue étrangère et la maîtrise de la compétence linguistique requiert celle de la compétence culturelle. la littérature dun pays est comme un miroir qui reflète bon nombre daspects culturels, cest pourquoi avec le choix dun texte littéraire convenable, lenseignant peut assurer à la fois lapp...
We reexamine the theory of rational voter participation where voting is by two collusive parties that can enforce social norms through costly peer punishment. This model nests both the ethical voter model and the pivotal voter model. We initially abstract from aggregate shocks to the population of voters in favor of the original Palfrey and Rosenthal [24] model and analyze the subsequent all-pa...
Forming an idea of the number of parties competing at elections or winning seats in legislatures is fundamental to disaggregated approaches to mapping party systems. We set out a method for systematically relating the behaviour of any ‘number of parties’ index to the size of the largest party’s vote and the numbers of parties in competition. This approach shows that the ‘effective number of par...
The presumption in the theoretical literature on ethnic mobilization is that voting for ethnic parties is a purely expressive act, not subject to cost-benefit calculations. Models of strategic voting, meanwhile, typically make no reference to the ethnic identity of voters and parties. This article challenges the presumption that voting for ethnic parties is primarily an expressive act. It devel...
Electoral platform convergence is perceived unfavorably by both the popular press and many academic scholars. Arguably, “it does not provide enough choice” between candidates (Committee on Political Parties, 1950). This paper provides a formal account of the perceived negative effects of platform convergence. We show that when parties do not know voters’ preferences precisely, all voters ex-ant...
EMBO reports (2009) 10, 689–693. doi:10.1038/embor.2009.136 Introduction At the recent Keystone Symposium on Chromatin Dynamics and Higher Order Organization, an emerging and expanded view of the chromatin landscape was apparent. Many reports connected the organization of individual nucleosomes and histone-modification domains with the spatial co-localization of genes and regulatory elements in...
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the court orders, inter alia, the provisional injunctions, are normally aimed to impose some specific result on the parties to a proceeding. provisional measures including interim injunctions are somehow connected to the general standards of fair proceeding. the question might be how a proceeding could be assessed as being fair while an interim injunction is being issued against one of the part...
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